.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





 

2 : , .. , , . , , . :

 

N2 + 3 H2 ⇆ 2 NH3.

 

; . ( ), , . , , , . , , . . . , , . .

a A + b B+... ⇆ p P + q Q + () , , , , .

 

 

, N2 + 3 H2 ⇆ 2 NH3.

 

, , . .


CO2 () + C (.) ⇆ 2CO ()

CH3COOH() ⇆ CH3COO() + H+()

 

Ba3(PO4)2 (.) ⇆ 3 Ba2+(. ) + 2 PO43(. ) =C3(Ba2+)C2(PO43)

 

, :

1) ; , ( ) ; ;

2) . . .

 

, , :

= .

 

, :

= .

 

, , . ( ) .

 

6.1 N2 + 3H2 ⇆ 2 NH3 3 / 4 /. 70% . .

 

, .

, 30% ( 1 ):

 

4 / H2 100%

/ H2 30%

 

= 1,2 / = .(H2)

, 3 , , .. .(N2) = 1,2 /: 3 = 0,4 /. 2 , :

 

.(NH3) = 2 × 0,4 / = 0,8 /


:

 

.(H2)= C.(H2) - C.(H2) = 4 / 1,2 / = 2,8 /;

.(N2)= C.(N2) C.(N2) = 3 / 0,4/ = 2,6 /;

.(NH3) = .(NH3) = 0,8 /.

 

= .

 

6.2 , H2 + I2 ⇆ 2 HI, , H2 I2 5 / 3 / , 1.

 

, ( 2 ) . - .

x / H2. , , x / I2, 2x / HI. :

 

.(H2) = C.(H2) C.(H2) = (5 x) /;

.(I2) = C.(I2) C.(I2) = (3 x) /;

.(HI) = .(HI) = 2x /.

 

.

 

 

4x2 = 15 8x + x2

3x2 + 8x 15 = 0

x1 = 3,94 x2 = 1,27

x = 1,27.

 

, .(H2) = (5 x) / = 5 1,27 = 3,73 /;

.(I2) = (3 x) / = 3 1,27 = 1,73 /;

.(HI) = 2x / = 21,27 = 2,54 /.

 

( 7) .





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