2 : , .. , , . , , . :
N2 + 3 H2 ⇆ 2 NH3.
; . ( ), , . , , , . , , . . . , , . .
a A + b B+... ⇆ p P + q Q + () , , , , .
, N2 + 3 H2 ⇆ 2 NH3.
, , . .
CO2 () + C (.) ⇆ 2CO ()
CH3COOH() ⇆ CH3COO() + H+()
Ba3(PO4)2 (.) ⇆ 3 Ba2+(. ) + 2 PO43(. ) =C3(Ba2+)C2(PO43)
, :
1) ; , ( ) ; ;
2) . . .
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, , :
= .
, :
= .
, , . ( ) .
6.1 N2 + 3H2 ⇆ 2 NH3 3 / 4 /. 70% . .
, .
, 30% ( 1 ):
4 / H2 100%
/ H2 30%
= 1,2 / = .(H2)
, 3 , , .. .(N2) = 1,2 /: 3 = 0,4 /. 2 , :
.(NH3) = 2 × 0,4 / = 0,8 /
:
.(H2)= C.(H2) - C.(H2) = 4 / 1,2 / = 2,8 /;
.(N2)= C.(N2) C.(N2) = 3 / 0,4/ = 2,6 /;
.(NH3) = .(NH3) = 0,8 /.
= .
6.2 , H2 + I2 ⇆ 2 HI, , H2 I2 5 / 3 / , 1.
, ( 2 ) . - .
x / H2. , , x / I2, 2x / HI. :
.(H2) = C.(H2) C.(H2) = (5 x) /;
.(I2) = C.(I2) C.(I2) = (3 x) /;
.(HI) = .(HI) = 2x /.
.
4x2 = 15 8x + x2
3x2 + 8x 15 = 0
x1 = 3,94 x2 = 1,27
x = 1,27.
, .(H2) = (5 x) / = 5 1,27 = 3,73 /;
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.(I2) = (3 x) / = 3 1,27 = 1,73 /;
.(HI) = 2x / = 21,27 = 2,54 /.
( 7) .