, , , , . (. : . ..)
, , :
1. The play was written
by Chekhov. .
2. The road is being repaired. .
3. The car hasn't been washed. .
: 1) Past Indefinite Passive, 2) Present Continuous Passive, 3) Present Perfect Passive).
to be .
| be + (Past Participle) |
to be, . .:
|
The mine
Constructed (built)
- * :
1.' : (, ) :
The engineer was invited
to the conference. .
2. -:
The mine will be recon- -
structed. .
3. - (
; 3- . .
):
They were shown a new
cutter-loader. .
, ( ) , by with, : , , .'
The delegation of the miners
was met at the station by
a group of students. .
Underground mines and -
opencasts are equipped .
with new machines.
1. ) :
[] flat, 'manager, 'practical, me 'chanics, 'graduate, 'capital
[e] bed,'bedded,'measure, de'fend,'pressure,'deputy, dealt,
head
[a:] all.'score, a'ward, 'order, born
[i:] 'even, seam, de'gree,'teacher
[a:] hard, pass, class, draft, charge
[u:] choose, soon, too, food
) :
academician [3,kaed3'miJ(3)n], diploma [dip'louma], elementary [xCli'mentan], senior ['si:nja], honour ['], deputy ['depjuti]
2. 1-2 ,
.
choose [tju:z] (chose [tfouz], chosen relate [rrleit] v , -
|
|
|
[/ouzn]) v ; choice
safety ['seifti] ; mine
collect [ks'lekt] v , - safety
; -
dangerous ['deindssrss] , safety measures
deposit [drpDzit] , , safe ,
; bedded deposits
seam [si:m] (); syn bed, layer;
describe [dis'kiaib] v , - flat seam , -
; description [drskripjsn] n ; inclined seam -
; descriptive - ; steep seam -
; thick seam -
facility [fa'silitij (p/facilities) - ; thin seam
; ; ; state [steit] ; ,
; ; v -
fire damp ['faisdaemp] ; ;
, success [sak'ses] ; ; be a suc-
harm [ha:m] ; v ; harm- cess ; successful a
to defend graduation paper (thesis) ()
to pass an entrance examination
to get a higher education
to do one's best (one's utmost, all one can, everything in one's power)
, to make contribution (to) (, ..)
3. ) , -ful
-less:
useful, successful, powerful, harmful; useless, powerless, harmless, sleepless
) , :
1. Power stations are equipped with...machines.
2. A.M. Terpigorev's investigations in mine safety were a success. He
worked out a series of safety measures in gassy collieries. His... research
greatly improved the working conditions in mines.
3. The extensive use of scientific and technological achievements
makes it possible to develop all branches of production. The scientists are
working out new methods of mining... minerals.
4. Fire damp does much harm to the health of miners. It is the most
... of all the gases in the mine air.
4. . :
entrance examinations training of specialists
graduation paper coal seam
coal deposits assistant manager
mine surveying exploitation of deposits
mine safety bedded deposits
description of diagrams transport facilities
acomplete description two-volume textbooks
of the quarry thick-seam mining
flat-seam mining steep-seam mining
thin-seam mining
5.
:
mining mechanics; descriptive courses; elementary practical training; the best lecturer; lectures on historical geology; a particular interest; an interesting subject; a first-class diploma; the department of Mining Transport; as a result; gassy collieries; the problem of fire damp; the state of mechanization; mining machinery; methods of coal gasification
6. ,
A.M. :
.. Terpigorev (1873-1959)
Academician A.M. Terpigorev is a well-known mining engineer who successfully combined his practical experience with scientific research. He was bom in 1873 in Tambov. In 1892 he finished school with honours1 and decided to get a higher education. He chose the Mining Institute in St. Petersburg, passed all the entrance examinations successfully and became a student of the Mining Institute.
|
|
|
At the Institute he studied the full range of subjects2 relating to metallurgy, mining and mining mechanics.
At that time students' specialization was based on3 descriptive courses and elementary practical training. One of the best lecturers was A. P. Karpinsky. His lectures on historical geology were very popular.
During his practical training Terpigorev visited mines and saw that the miners' work was very difficult. While he was working in the Donbas he collected material for his graduation paper which he soon defended. The Mining of flat seams in the Donbas was carefully studied and described in it.
In 1897 Terpigorev graduated from the Institute with a first-class diploma of a mining engineer.
His first job as a mining engineer was at the Sulin mines where he worked for more than three years first as Assistant Manager and later as Manager.
From 1900 till 1922 Terpigorev worked at the Yekaterinoslav Mining Institute (now the Mining Institute in Dnepropetrovsk).
In 1922 he accepted an offer to take charge of the mining chair at the Moscow Mining Academy and moved to Moscow. From 1930 he headed the chairs5 of Mining Transport and Mining of Bedded Deposits at the Moscow Mining Institute.
Academician Terpigorev took a particular interest in mine safety. As a result of his investigations a series of safety measures in gassy collieries was worked out. For some time he was working on the problem of fire damp, the most harmful and dangerous of all the gases in mines.
His two-volume work Coal Mining and Mine Transport Facilities is a full description of the state of mechanization and the economy of the Donbas. His other works are about mining transport facilities, mechanization of coal mining and mining machinery. He is one of the pioneers in scientific methods of coal gasification.
1 finished school with honours
2 full range of subjects
3 was based on
4 to take chaise of (smth.) , ( -)
5 headed the chairs
, . .
1. After school Terpigorev decided to work in a mine.
3-176
2. Terpigorev collected material for his graduation paper which dealt
with mining thick seams in the Donbas.
3. For more than three years Terpigorev worked at the Sulin mines.
4. In 1922 Terpigorev accepted an offer to take charge of the mining
chair at the Moscow Mining Institute.
5. He investigated the problems of mine safety.
6. He was one of the first to work on the problem of gasification of
coal.
8. :
1. When and where was Terpigorev born?
2. What institute did he graduate from?
3. What material did he collect while he was working in the Donbas?
4. Where did Terpigorev work from 1900 till 1922?
5. At what institute did Terpigorev head the chair of Mining Bedded
Deposits?
6. What did Terpigorev take a particular interest in?
7. What works by Terpigorev do you know?
8. What problems do Terpigorev's works deal with?
9. What was the result of his investigations on mine safety?
9.) .
