.
( ), ( ) , - , -
.
, , . (, .) - (, .) . -. - , , . . . . 6.2.1 .
A
. 6.2.1
. - , . 6.2.2. , . 1, , , . - , - R . . 2. U V,
I .
A | |||
V | |||
R a | |||
R | . 1 | ||
. 2
. 6.2.2
- . I U - .
. 6.2.3 - , , (0123) .
I a | 3 | > T 2 > T 1 | ||
I 3 | ||||
2 | ||||
I 2 | ||||
14 | ||||
I | ||||
U a | ||||
. 6.2.3 |
I a = I a(U a) , , , . - , -, . U a , , , I a - . I . I = Ne, N , ; e .
|
|
U a I a = I a(U a) -. U a = 0 , . . , . - , . , . . , . I a = 0. - .
, . j , - :
2 | (6.2.1) |
j = B T exp( A / kT), |
, - ; ; - ; k − .
j - - . . . -
(6.2.1) .
- ( 0123) I a = I a(U a) -
, ( - ):
I KU a3/2, | (6.2.2) |
K ,
.