(The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction)
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+ (Participle I Participle II) |
, .
. , , . . . .
:
1) , , , ; , ; ; ; ., .
The car having broken,we had to walk to the nearest station. | , . |
The training being over,they went home to relax. | , . |
I, to be (- ), , .
The report (being) checked, I took it to the boss. | , . |
2) , , , , .
I was writing the application, my friend helping me. | , . |
there (is) it.
There being nobody at home, I called my friend. | , . |
with.
The article deals with programming languages, with particular attention being paid to Java. | -, Java. |
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. | Find the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction and define the word in the function of the subject in it. Translate the sentences. |
1. | He being very excited, it was very difficult to make him change his mind. |
2. | Time permitting, we started our trip. |
3. | The door and the window of the house being open, we looked in. |
4. | The light having been lit, she opened her sons letter. |
5. | It being pretty late, we went upstairs. |
6. | There being little time left, they called a taxi. |
7. | The weather having changed, we decided to stay where we were. |
8. | Her mother being away, she has to do all the housework. |
9. | The sun having risen, they continued their way. |
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Exercise 2. | Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. |
1. | All the questions being settled, the delegation left. |
2. | There being a lot of people at the airport, several flights had been cancelled. |
3. | The windows having been closed, the room was too stuffy. |
4. | The performance being over, they changed their impressions. |
5. | Our efforts to start the car having failed, we spent the night in a nearby village. |
6. | The dinner having been prepared, I had a snooze before my relatives arrived. |
7. | This duty completed, he had two months leave. |
8. | The weather permitting, we shall go surfing tomorrow. |
9. | They lived there for two months, Mark helping the people all the time. |
Exercise 3. | Find sentences with the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction and translate them into Russian. |
1. | The professor being ill, the lecture was put off. |
2. | Knowing English well he managed to negotiate with our foreign customers. |
3. | Having tested the new equipment they agreed to sign a contract. |
4. | All things considered, we found it acceptable to invest more this year. |
5. | The party being over, the guests began to depart. |
6. | Developing a new method they achieved good results. |
7. | With him being sick, well have to do his work. |
8. | The visitor having left, she felt much better. |
9. | The article being in Japanese, I couldnt understand a word. |
Have + object + Past Participle (Participle II)
Have + object + Past Participle Have something done | , , , . . to have Past Participle, (), - . to have , , | I have had my car repaired. I have the computer installed. | , . . (- ). ( ). |
Get + object + Past Participle Get something done | 1. have something done ( ). 2. have get . make. | I think you should get your hair cut. We got the printer repaired. You must make your report published. | , . ( ) ( ). ( ), . |
Make / have + object + bare infinitive - -, .
The teacher made me apologize for what I had said. | , . |
The doctor had his nurse take the patients temperature. | . |
Get + object + to-infinitive - -.
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How can parents get their children to read more? | ? |
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I got the mechanic to check my brakes. | . |
I had the mechanic check my brakes. | . |
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. | Make sentences choosing the correct form. |
Model: | He paints the roof of his house. He has / had / has had the roof of his house paint / paints / painted. He has the roof of his house painted. |
1. | He is mending his shoes. He is having / has / had his shoes mend / mending / mended. |
2. | Her mother served him breakfast in his room. He had / has had / was had breakfast serve / served / serves in his room. |
3. | She was dying her hair. She was having / had / had had her hair dye / dyed / dyes. |
4. | I will clean the carpets tomorrow. I will be having / have / will have the carpets clean / cleaning / cleaned tomorrow. |
5. | The secretary has booked a room for the manager of the company. The secretary had had / has had / had a room books / booked / booking for the manager. |
6. | They have been taking photos during their visit. They has having / have been having / having photos taking / taken / took during their visit. |
7. | You had ironed your shirt. You had / has had / had had your shirt irons / ironing / ironed. |
8. | We had been decorating our house. We have been having / had been having / has been having our house decorate / decorated / decorating. |
9. | He may send the e-mail. He may have / have / have may the e-mail send / sends / sent. |
10. | I will be cutting my hair. I will have / will be having / will have been my hair cut / cuts / cutting. |
Exercise 2. | Translate the sentences in the causative form. |
1. | Tony had his English lessons paid for by the company. |
2. | She had her eyes tested every three months. |
3. | My mother had a dressmaker shorten her skirts. |
4. | He had his luggage sent to the station. |
5. | Have you got your watch repaired? |
6. | Get the rooms dusted and aired by the time they arrive. |
7. | I am having the car washed. |
8. | How often do you have your windows cleaned? |
9. | Ann had her briefcase stolen from the office while she was out. |
Exercise 3. | Choose the correct answer. |
1. | I ____ from my new address. | ||||
A. | get my mail forward | B. | get my mail to forward | C. | get my mail forwarded |
2. | I had Simon ____ everyone home. | ||||
A. | drive | B. | driving | C. | driven |
3. | Please make him ____ doing that. | ||||
A. | to stop | B. | stop | C. | stopped |
4. | I ____ a couple of days ago. | ||||
A. | had my door to be fixed | B. | had my door fix | C. | had my door fixed |
5. | I am going to have a new house____. | ||||
A. | to build | B. | built | C. | build |
6. | I ____ on my shoulder. | ||||
A. | had tattoo done | B. | had a tattoo done | C. | had a tattoo to be done |
7. | The movie ____ sad. | ||||
A. | made her to feel | B. | made her feel | C. | made her felt |
8. | Have these flowers____ to her office, please. | ||||
A. | taken | B. | taking | C. | to take |
9. | Dont ____ these things about you! | ||||
A. | let him say | B. | let him to say | C. | let him said |
10. | Im going to ____ after the concert. | ||||
A. | have me picked up | B. | have him to pick me up | C. | have him pick me up |
( )
The Objective Participial Construction (Complex Object)
(I heard him speaking English on the phone)
( ) (me, us, you, him, her, it, them) (Participle I).
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I , ( ) , , , , , .
I noticed him frowning. | , . |
(Participle II) , , .
I had my photo taken. | ( ). |
+ + + Participle I, II | |||
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I heard him discussing something in the next room. | , - . |
I saw the safe being broken into. | , . |
( ), , , , .
, (me, us, you, him, her, it, them), , (, , , , , , ), :
We saw him coming to Freds house. | , . |
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1. , : to see , to hear , to watch , to feel , to notice .
I heard his name mentioned several times during the conversation. | , . |
She watched the snow falling. | , . |
2. , , : to assume, to consider , , to suppose, to believe , , to understand , to discover , , to imagine , .
I consider the situation improving. | , . |
3. , : to want , to wish, to desire .
I want the message sent immediately. | , . |
4. to have, to get, , , , - .
We havethe office rebuilt. | ( ). |
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. | Complete the sentences usingthe Objective Participial Construction. |
1. | I watched my friend ____ (to paint) the door of her kitchen yellow. |
2. | They observed the men ____ (to hurry) down the street. |
3. | We noticed him ____ (to hide) his mobile phone in the pocket. |
4. | I heard the water ____ (to boil) in the kettle. |
5. | I saw the police ____ (to arrive) and (to enter) the bank. |
6. | She found her skirt ____ (to spoil). |
7. | He left the work ____ (not to finish). |
8. | They heard the dog ____ (to bark) downstairs. |
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Exercise 2. | Find the Objective Participial Construction and translate the sentences. |
1. | I saw you dancing in the gym. |
2. | Then in the complete silence of the night he heard somebody opening the door quietly. |
3. | I heard the visitor walking restlessly backwards and forwards. I also heard him talking to himself. |
4. | She turned and saw Chris waiting for her on the platform. |
5. | Jerry felt the bridge shaking under his feet. |
6. | At that moment I noticed Michael sitting a little farther in the lecture hall. |
7. | She felt her irritation growing. |
8. | He was surprised as he suddenly saw her looking at him. |
Exercise 3. | Translate the sentences, paying attention to the Objective Participial Construction. |
1. | I noticed them smiling. |
2. | I heard her singing an English song. |
3. | His father found him broken. |
4. | He found them sitting together and talking peacefully. |
5. | She felt her voice trembling and tried to control herself. |
6. | We saw him opening the envelope and reading something hastily. |
7. | We wanted this contract to be signed as soon as possible. |
8. | They found the door locked. |
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The Subjective Participial Construction (Complex Subject)
(He was seen running in the rain)
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+ (Participle I, II) |
She was seen watering the flowers. | , . |
: + (in Passive) + (as) Present Participle (Participle I), Past Participle (Participle II).
People were heard shoutingin the street. |
(Complex Subject) .
People were heardshouting in the street. | , . |
(were heard) - , , ( as, , ). , . . , .
The situation is reported as being extra- ordinary. | , . , , . |
Some of the flights are mentioned as having been delayed because of snowstorm. | , - . |
The car was believed stolen. | , . |
( ), , , (, ), by . , by, , , , :
The measures taken have been recognized by the authorities as being efficient for the moment. | , . |
:
: to see , to hear , to feel , to watch , to notice ;
to find , ;
to leave , , to report , to show , to catch , .
as to accept , to consider , , to explain , to guarantee , to mention , to regard , , to speak of , , to think of , to treat , , to understand , to represent .
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EXERCISES
Exercise 1. | Translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjective Participial Construction. |
1. | The name of this prominent scientist is often heard mentioned in the reports. |
2. | The taxi could be seen waiting outside. |
3. | The storm was seen approaching the coast very fast. |
4. | The plane is reported to have landed safely. |
5. | The dog was found sleeping under the table. |
6. | They were heard talking about me. |
7. | The helicopter was heard flying over the field. |
8. | Lily was found crying in the corner. |
9. | Very important information was found missing in the report. |
Exercise 2. | Find the sentences with the Subjective Participial Construction and translate them. |
1. | He saw all his plans destroyed. |
2. | A lot of people were seen cleaning the streets from snow. |
3. | Nobody wanted them going there alone. |
4. | Its raining cats and dogs, we stayed at home. |
5. | The boys were caught stealing CDs. |
6. | He was often heard playing jazz in the evening. |
7. | I hope my Mum hasnt noticed me coming home so late. |
8. | Jerry was heard opening the door. |
9. | They found the shop closed. |
Exercise 3. | Use the word in brackets as part of the Subjective Participial Construction and translate them. |
1. | The boywas seen ____ a computer game at the lesson (to play). |
2. | The hurricane was believed ____ (to finish). |
3. | She was thought happily ____ (to marry). |
4. | The glasses were found ____ on the fridge (to lie). |
5. | The city was found ____ with snow (to cover). |
6. | The fire was reported ____ quickly (to put out). |
7. | The lorry was thought ____ (to crash). |
8. | The expensive vase was found ____ (to break). |
9. | Your research may be thought ____ (to complete). |
(Modal Verbs)
, , . . must, can (could), may (might), ought to, shall, should, will, would, be able to, have to, need to, be to.
. to ( to be able to, ought to, have to, need to, be to).
. , . , . . -s, be able to, have to, need to, be to, (She has to, I will be able to, He was able to . .).