| can may | could might | must should | must should |
,
| Now | then | ||
| Here | there | ||
| this/these | , / | that/these | , / |
| Today | that day | ||
| Tomorrow | The next/following day | ||
| Yesterday | the day before, the pre-vious day | ||
| next week | the next / following week | ||
| last week | - | The previous week | |
| last year | The year before |
13.5. . , (, , ..)
wrote stories
was writing a story
had been writing stories
He said that he had written a story
would write a story
would be writing stories
would have written a story
:
()
()
( , )
, ( , - )
( 6 )
( - )
(-)
13.6. .
1. We have a lift but very often it doesnt work, they said. 2. We have moved into our new flat, said my aunt. 3. Nothing grows in my garden. It never gets any sun, she said. 4. Who put salt in my coffee? he asked. 5. Why did you travel first class? I asked him. 6. Dont argue with you father, I said. 7. Please dont leave the gate open, the farmer said to visitors. 8. Dont climb that tree in your new trousers, Richard, his father said. 9. Did they understand what you said to them, he asked. 10. The old lady asked, Is this my seat? 11. Im busy, he asked. 12. Please make yourselves comfortable, she said to us. 13. He said, I must go and make some calls. 14. She said, It may be true. 15. When I met him last week, he said, Ill call on you tomorrow. 16. What are you looking for, he asked the boy. 17. Shall I repeat it? he asked. 18. Have you heard the news? she asked me. 19. She asked me, Are you hungry? 20. She asked the doctor, Shall I follow a strict diet? 21. He said to Jim, Ill be writing my report at two oclock tomorrow. 22. The boy said to his mummy, Dont worry Ill have learned the poem by heart by 5 oclock.
Ing- ed-
Ing- (Participle I ) . ing- , - -. , -.
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Ed- (Participle II) , .
| The books translated |
| ing- | ed- | ||
| V + ing translating writing | being + V3. being translated being written | V + ed translated written | |
| having + V3. having translated having written | having been + V3. having been translated having been written |
Ed- Perfect . ed- :
1. :
The work is done. .
2. :
The method used depend on the material selected. .
3. :
When asked about it, he didnt say a word. , .
4. , :
) ed-:
+ ed-:
I want the letter posted at once. , .
I had my suit cleaned. ( , ).
He hs flat redecorated. ( ).
) ed-:
+ ed- ( ).
We sat silent, he eyes still fixed on me. , .
14.1. ed- .
1. The man saved was a French sailor. 2. The man was a French sailor. 3. I want him saved. 4. If sent away now, the letter will arrive the day after tomorrow. 5. He described the method used by the engineer. 6. The engineer used the method described in the article. 7. The paintings discussed attracted the attention of many visitors. 8. The rule explained we started doing the exercise. 9. The rule explained is difficult. 10. We would like it explained again. 11. If explained, the rule will not seem difficult. 12. Explained again, the rule became quite clear to everybody. 13. She wants this name remembered. 14. When changed, the article was published. 15. If changed, the article will be published.
14.2. . .
| Model: | 1. Wash my shirt 2. Clean the house 3. The house was painted 4. The car needs to be washed | Get my shirt washed Have the house cleaned I had the house painted I want the car washed |
1. Register the letter. Get 2. Shorten that dress. Get 3. Do this job. Get 4. Wash those dishes. Get 5. Clean your suit. Have 6. Mend the jacket. Have 7. Polish your shoes. Get 8. The TV was fixed. I had 9. The house is clean. I got 10. The walls have been papered. I had 11. The motor has been installed. We got
Ing-
Ing- be ( Continuous).
Ing-, , :
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1. :
Smoking is bad for you. .
There is no avoiding it. .
2. :
They began arguing. .
His hobby is collecting stamps. .
He finished reading. .
The film is worth seeing. .
3. :
I gave up smoking. .
Avoid catching cold. .
We were surprised at hearing the news. , .
There is no harm in trying. .
4. :
He gave up the idea of becoming an actor. .
The quality of being advertised leaves much to be desired. .
The students writing a test were from my group. , , .
She is looking at the boys playing in the yard. , .
5. :
Reading a book he made notes. , .
He left without saying a word. , .
When crossing the road in he UK, look first to the right. , .
On hearing his name he turned round. , .
Having written a letter he posted it. , .
6. , .
I saw him photographing the monument. , .
I saw the monument being photographed. , .
We were told of Mr. Taylor arriving next week. , .
In London there are a lot of museums, the largest being the British Museum. , .
14.3. , ing- .
) 1. William likes reading detective stories. 2. Reading is useful. 3. William liked being read to. 4. Having read the telegram twice, he understood that the matter needed immediate attention. 5. The girl reading a book is my sister. 6. Charles denies knowing these people. 7. Charles denies having asked any questions. 8. Charles denies being helped. 9. Charles denies having been helped. 10. Charles denies having been asked any questions. Dont leave without speaking to the chief. 12. Not knowing the man, I cant introduce you to him. 13. Having spent a month in the country, she looked much better. 14. Apartments facing south get more sunlight. 15. While going home from school Betty met some of her friends. 16. Thinking he was asleep I turned off the lights. 17. While waiting for a train, he read a magazine. 18. After leaving school his son went to work at a factory. 19. On learning the news she decided to go and see her cousin. 20. When crossing the street, be careful. 21. I remember leaving a message for you. 22. I remember his leaving a message for Mr. Blake. 23. Jane doesnt like being spoken about. 24. His knowing English will help him in his work. 25. The film is worth seeing.
b) 1. The situation being favorable, they bought the shares (). 2. It being Sunday, the shops were closed. 3. There being a lot of things to discuss, the conference lasted for a long time. 4. Jack insisted on your making a report on Tuesday. 5. Ann was proud of her pictures being exhibited at the show. 6. He was disappointed at not being invited to yesterdays party.
14.4. ing-. .
1. After they had finished the translation, the students had a break. 2. As I had lent my dictionary to a friend, I had to go to the library to get one to myself. 3. When you fill in a form, you must write the name and address clearly. 4. As we had a lot of time we didnt hurry. 5. As I had left your telephone number at home, I couldnt ring up you. 6. After I had read the book, I turned it to the library. 7. The people who live in this old block of flats will soon get new flats. 8. The question, which is being discussed now, is very important.
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