1. .
frame twist -
support suspension -
body - channel section
longitudinal members - weld
cross members
rivet
reinforce insulate
rigid rubber pad -
mining - unibody construction
withstand strains
strengthen
2. .
Chassis, structure, system, integral, construction, steel, vibration, passenger, metal, contact.
3*. , .
found - found ation; frame - frame less; to construct - construct ion; structure structural structural ly; to attach attach ment; to vibrate vibrat ion; to insulate - insulat ion; usual usual ly.
, .
TEXT
Frame
The foundation of the automobile chassis is the frame which provides support for the engine, body and power-train members. Cross
members reinforce the frame. The frame is rigid and strong so that it can withstand the shocks, vibrations, twists and other strains to which it is put on the road.
The frame provides a firm structure for the body, as well as a good point for the suspension system. There are two types of frames, namely: conventional frames and integral (unibody) frames (frameless constructions).
Conventional frames are usually made of heavy steel channel sections welded or riveted together. All other parts of the car are attached to the frame.
In order to prevent noise and vibrations from passing to the frame and from there to the passengers of the car, the frame is insulated from these parts by rubber pads.
It is also important to insulate the frame in order to prevent metal- to-metal contacts.
Frameless (unibody) constructions are called so because they are made integral with the body. The body parts are used to structurally strengthen the entire car. Some unibody frames have partial front and rear frames for attaching the engine and suspension members.
The exercises to be done after reading the text
4. .
, , , , , , () , , , , , , .
5. .
1.What does the frame provide?
2.Why is the frame rigid and strong?
3.What types of frames are there?
4.What is the conventional frame made of?
5.By what is the frame insulated from the other car parts? For what purpose?
6.What do you know about unibody frames?
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6. .
| 1.The frame provides support for.... | a. channel sections welded together. |
| 2.Conventional frames are made of.... | b. prevent noise and vibrations from passing to the passengers. |
| 3. Tameless constructions are made.... | c. cross members. |
| 4.The frame is insulated from other parts in order to.... | d.. the engine, body and power train members. |
| 5.The frame is reinforced by.... | e. integral with the body. |
7*. . Complex Object.
1.We know the frame to be the structural centre of any car.
2.Car special ists consider the conventional frame to be extremely rigid and strong.
3.We know the frame to be insulated from the other parts by rubber pads to prevent metal-to-metal contacts.
4.Many specialists consider the body parts to be used to structurally strengthen the entire car.
5.The manufacturers beUeve the unibody constructions to be called so because they are made integral with the body.
8. , .
The frame is a structural centre of any car as it provides support lor the engine, body, wheels and power-train members.
Cross members reinforce the frame and provide support for the engine and wheels. The frame is extremely rigid and strong. The engine is attached to the frame in three or four points and insulated in I liese points by some rubber pads to prevent vibration and noise from passing to the frame and thus to the passengers. There are two types of frames: conventional construction and unibody one.
9. .
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3. , ().
4. : () .
5. , .
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10. , .
DIALOGUE
Stas: Hi! Seen you for ages! How are you?
Vlad: Hi! I 'm perfectly well! I am working at a repairing shop. Very interesting I can tell you.
S.: What are you doing there?
V.: Now, we are testing the frame. You see, the driver has got into trouble. Something is wrong with his car. He thinks it is the frame.
S.: Has the car a conventional frame or a unibody frame?
V.: Unibody frame.
S.: I think you have to do a lot of work as body parts strengthen the entire car.
V.: Sure. We are testing all parts in order to find out the damage.
S.: I think you will cope with the problem.
Notes:
seen you for ages ;
perfectly well ;
get into trouble ;
be wrong with - ;
sure ( );
find out the damage ;
with ( ).
aligment -
attach
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conventional frame -
extremely rigid
fasten ,
firm structure ()
frame
heavy steel
integral frame ,
pad
provide reinforce ,
rivert
rubber insulator
strengthen suspension system -
weld
Unit Six
Text: Clutch
Dialogue
