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6




. , , , . ; ; , . , , : . , , , , ( ), , , 66. , , , , , 67. , -

62 Durkheim, Elementary Forms..., pp. 1112. . . Ibid., pp. 1011. . .

64 Ibid., pp. 148. . .

65 Ibid., p. 440. . .

66 Scheler. Die Wissensformen..., p. 32. . .

67 Ibid., p. 56. . .


, , , , , - , .. , , , 68.

, - , . , , . . , , , . , , . , .

, (Sinnzusammenhang). , , ; , 69. , , , - .. , .

: , . , , -

68 Ibid., 25; cf. 482-484. - . . Sorokin, Social and Cultural Dynamics, IV, Chap. 1, 1, Chap. 1. . .


. , , ( ) . , , ( ) , . , 70. , , . . . , , 71. , , 53% . ( XVI XVII .) , ( , )72. , , , , , , : , , , XVIXVII . . , : ,

70
,
, ,
:
. ,
, ,
,
(Sorokin, Socioculturat Causality, Space, Time, 95n.).
.
. .

71 Sorokin, Social and Cultural Dynamics, II, p. 51. . .

72 Ibid., II, p. 30. . .


, . , , , . , .

, , , , , , . , , , , , , .. , , , , . , , , , , . , - ; . , , , , , . , , , . , ", , - , -

Wertbeziehung ( ), , ; - - . . .


, , 74.

. (, ) , 75.

, , , , . - , , , .

, , . , . , , , 76.

74 , , ,
;
.
. .
.. , . ., ., ,
. . .
,
: Lazarsfeld P.F. and Merton R.K., Studies in Radio and Film
Propaganda. . .

75
. , -
. . .

76 , XIX .,
, - :
...
, , ,
. . , . 1. -"
. . . . . . .: 1960 . 23, . 446. . -


, : , . , . , - , , . , , , ? , , , ? , , , , 77.

, , . , , , , . . , , , , , 78. , , ; . , , 79.

77 . : Hessen . op. cit; Merton R.K. Science, Technology and Society in 17th Century England (Brugges: Osiris History of Science Monographs, 1938), ch. 710; Bernal J.D., The Social Function ofScience (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1939); CrowtherJ.G., TheSocial Relations of Science (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1941); Barber ., Science and the Social fder (Glencoe, Illinois: The Free Press, 1952); De Gre G., Science as a Social Institution (New York: Doubleday & Company, 1955). - . .

Durkheim, Elementary Forms..., pp. 17, 1011, 443. . . Sorokin, Sociocultural Causality, Space, Time passim. . .


, 80.

, , . , , 81. , , 82. , , , : ; ; ..83.

; ; , , , , , 84; , ; -

80 , .: Wirth L., Preface to Mannheim, Ideology
and Utopia,
pp. XXV1I1 XXXI; Gittler J.., Possibilities of a sociology of science, Social
Forces,
1940, 18, pp. 350359. . .

81 Vebten ., The Higher Learning in America (New York: Huebsch, 1918). .
.

82 Wilson L., The Academic Man; . : Hartshorne E.Y., The German Universities and
National Socialism
(Harvard University Press, 1937). . .

83 Znaniecki F., Social Role of the Man of Knowledge. . .

84
,
, ,
. .: Myrdal G., An American Dilemma,
esp. 11, pp. 10271064. . .


, ; , , , . , , , , , , , 85.

, , . , , , , .

, , , , 86. 87. :

85 ;
: Michels R.
Intellectuals. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. . : Mills C.W.,
The Social Role of the Intellectual, Politics, 1, April 1944; Merton R.K., Role of the
Intellectual in Public Policy.
4 1943 . ( IX
); Koestler ., The Intelligentsia, Horizon, 1944,9,pp. 162175.
. .

86 ,
(
: Parsons ., The Structure of Social Action, p. 113;cp.
c: Sandow A., Social factors in the origin of Darwinism, Quarterly Review of Biology, 13,
PP. 316326). . .

87 , ,
, . ,
, ,
, .
, , ,
(Russel ., Philosophy (New
ork: W.W. Norton and Co., 1927, pp. 2930). He -


, , - , , , , 88.

, , , status quo*, ; - , , , , - 89. . , , , , 90.

; , . . : Mueller Freienfels R., Psychologie der Wissenschaft (Leipzig: J.A. Barth, 1936), Chap. 8. , , ..; . , , , . , , , . , . (, ), , ; , , . , (Scheler M., Genius des Krieges (Leipzig: Verlag der Weissenbuecher, 1915). . .

88 Fromm E., Die gesellschaftliche Bedingtheit der psychoanalytischen Therapie,
Zeilschriftfuer sozialforschung, 1935, 4, ss. 365397. . .

* (.). . .

89 Feuer L.S., The economic factor in history, Science and Society, 1940, 4, pp. 174
175. . .

90 Pastore N., The nature nurture controversy: a sociological approach, School and
Society,
1943, 57, pp. 373377. . .


, , , 91. , , , . , , , -. , ; , ; , , 92.

, , . , , , 93, 94.

91 Mills Wright , The professional ideology of social pathologists, American Journal
of Sociology,
1943, 49, pp. 165190. . .

92 Fontaine W.T., Social determination in the writings of negro scholars, American
Journal of Sociology,
1944, 49, pp. 302315. . .

93 Stern B.J., Resistances to the Adoption of Technological Innovations, in National Resources
Committee, Technological Trends and National Policy
(Washington: U.S. Government Printing
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19, 1938, and further references therein; Hamilton W., Parents and Free Enterprise. TNEC
Monograph, 31, 1941. . .

94 Stern B.J., Social Factors in Medical Progress (New York: Columbia University Press,
1927; Society and Medical Progress. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1941); . :
Shryock R.H., The Development ofmodern Medicine (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania
Press, 1936); Sigerist H.E., Man and Medicine (New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1932). -
. .





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