IP- , , . . 11.3 (RFC-791).
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. 11.4. .
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VERS - IP. , IP. .
HLEN - .
SERVICE TYPE - , . 0 - 2 , 3 - 6 - (Delay, Throughput, Relability, Cost, - , , , ). 0 (, ) 7 (, ). -. () . . - . . , telnet , SNMP - .
TOTAL LENGTH - . - 65535 .
IDENTIFICATION - "" , . , .
ϳ internet IP- ' , - (Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU)). , , , ' . 곭 - , TCP/IP . , 576 . MTU Discovery, MTU. , ( (0), (1). =1 ). , , . . }
FLAGS - , .
FRAGMENT OFFSET - .
TIME TO LIVE - . . . , . , .
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PROTOCOL - , (TCP, UDP, ICMP, IGMP).
HEADER CHECKSUM - , . , . , .
SOURCE IP ADRESS - .
DESTINATION IP ADRESS - .
ID OPTIONS - ' , ' .
PADDING - 32- .
11.6. TCP/IP
, TCP/IP , / (routers) (. 11.5). , Internet.
-. , . ϳ . , , . ' , , " " (Default gateway). ( ) ', , . .
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- . , .
"".
* () - , , .
, - . . , (Border Gateway). , , . - - , . , . , , '..
> ^. , .
?1
1. IP v.4 :
01100010001011010001100111000000
2. IP v.4 :
a) Cost; 6) Reliability; ) Delay;?.)Load.
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3. IP- :
) 104.105.12.1;
) 10.105.12.210/24;
) 54.16.34.105 (-255.255. 128);
) 103.12.104.12/22.
4. IP-
:
) ; ) TTL; ) FLA GS;
) IDENTIF1CA TION; ) SER VICE TYPE.
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12
² TCP/IP
