. , .
: , , .
, , , ( ), ( ), ( ) , , . , (II) iO0,7 iO1,3. .
: , , , .
. , 5 :
N2O, NO, N2O3, NO2, N2O5.
, , 1: 2: 3: 4: 5. , .
: , , .
, , :
1 1 2
2 + l2 = 21
22.4 2 ∙ 22.4
( )
V(2): V(l2): V(1) = 1: 1: 2.
: .
. , . , , , ( ).
, . , . , (2) = 18 /, 1 /, , 1 , m = 18 , :
V = m /r = 18 /1 / = 18 .
, 46 r (25) = 0,8 /, :
V = m /r = 46 /0,8 / = 57,5.
|
|
, 22400 , 1000 . .
:
I: , 22,4 .
V :
V = 22,4 / = 22,4 3/.
, . , , , ,
m 1/ m 2 = M1/M2,
m 1 - , m 2 - ,1 - ,2 - .
, , ( - D).
D = m 1/ m 2 V 1 = V 2.
D = M1/M2,
1 = 2 ∙ D.
(H2) = 2 / (.) = 29 /.
:
1 = 2 D H2
1 = 29 D .
, , , , , 2- .
II. (), , (r) .
, .
:
0 = 101,325 (760 . ., 1 .),
0 = 273 (t 0 = 0 ).
, - -:
V - , V 0 - 0 = 101,3 0 = 273 .
: , .
, , , : HCl , H2O , NH3 , CH4 - .
, , . , , 1, 2, NH3 4, 1 : 1 , 1/2 , 1/3 , 1/4 .
, , , H+ - .
|
|
, 1 , , , 1 , .
, l, 2, N3 4 1 , 1/2 , 1/3 1/4 . 3 , .
:
= 1/,
;
.
.
1 (M).
[/].
:
M = /,
M ; ; .
, , , :
(Cl) = 35,5/1 = 35,5 /,
(O) = 16/2 = 8 /,
(N) = 14/3 = 4,66 /,
= 12/4 = 3 /.
.
, .
f.
(f) , (, ) H+ - .
:
= 1 ∙ f . = 1/.
, :
f . = 1/
f = 1/
f = 1/
() f . = 1/ n ∙ ,
n , .
, , . 1.1.
, , , . , .
1.2