1. Lab tests involve and samples of various body...
2. Examples of lab include blood, , stool, and urine tests.
3. The results of lab tests can help doctors determine what will be most effective.
4. The method of gathering depends on the type of test by your doctor.
5. The patient a sample of stool or urine using a sanitary.
III. :
, , , , , , , , .
IV. Lab Tests, .
. Types of laboratories
:
| majority - attached to - general practitioner reference laboratory - obscure test | a research laboratory - uncommon test a separate body - sample , |
In many countries, there are two main types of labs that process the majority of medical specimen.
Hospital laboratories are attached to a hospital, and perform tests on patients. Private (or community) laboratories receive samples from general practi-
tioners, insurance companies, and other health clinics for analysis. These can also be called reference laboratories where more unusual and obscure tests are performed. For extremely specialized tests, samples may go to a research laboratory. A lot of samples are sent between different labs for uncommon tests.
In many countries there are mainly three types of Medical Laboratories: Clinical Pathology, Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Biochemistry laboratories.
1. Clinical Pathology: Hematology, Histopathology, Cytology, Routine Pathology
2. Clinical Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycobacteriology, Virology, Mycology, Parasitology, Immunology, Serology.
3. Clinical Biochemistry: Biochemical analysis, Hormonal assays etc.
Blood Bank is a separate body. Its laboratory needs Microbiological analysis for infectious diseases that may be found in blood.
I. .
1. What are two main types of labs that process the majority of medical specimens?
2. What is the difference between private and hospital labs?
3. Where may samples go for extremely specialized tests?
4. What are three types of Medical Laboratories?
5. What isBlood Bank?
II. , . .
| A | B |
| 1. perform | a. tests |
| 2. insurance | b. diseases |
| 3. obscure | c. companies |
| 4. separate | d. tests |
| 5. infectious | e. body |
III. :
Process the majority of medical specimens, are attached to a hospital, receive samples from general practitioners, refe-rence laboratories, obscure tests are performed, extremely specialized tests, uncommon tests, may be found in blood.
|
|
|
IV. .
VI. .
. Different types of examination
Examination of Urine
The oldest of laboratory procedure used in medicine is the inspection of urine for diagnostic purposes. Visual examination of a patient's urine may provide preliminary evidence for a diagnosis, but is generally limited to conditions that affect the urinary system such as infection turbidity or blood infection or haemorrhage.
Examination of sputum
Sputum is material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated (spit out) through the mouth. A sputum culture is done to find and identify the microorganism causing an infection of the lower respiratory tract such as pneumonia (an infection of the lung). If a microorganism is found, more testing is done to determine which antibiotics will be effective in treating the infection.
Examination of feces (stool, excrement or excreta)
Gross examination of feces for color, odor, quantity, and consistency and microscopic examination for the presence of blood, fat, mucus, or parasites are common diagnostic procedures. Laboratory analysis includes microscopic examination, chemical tests, and microbiologic tests. A stool analysis is a series of tests done on a stool (feces) sample to help diagnose certain conditions affecting the digestive tract. These conditions can include infection (such as from parasites, viruses, or bacteria), poor nutrient absorption, or cancer. For a stool analysis, a stool sample is collected in a clean container and then sent to the laboratory.
