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. , , , . . SN2 , ( ), .

 

, , . , , , , ,


HO-C=O O-C=O O-C=O O-C=O

H-C-Cl H+ + H-C-Cl H-C+ H-C-OH

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

D- D-

- -

D (+)

. , .

 

. , -. , KMnO4 .

H-C-COOH COOH COOH

H-C-COOH + O H-C H-C-OH

(KMnO4) O H-C-OH

H-C COOH

COOH

, -. , , , ,

H-C-CH H H CH3

H-C-CH3 Br-C-CH3 Br-C-CH3 Br-C-H

-2- H-C*-CH3 H-C+-CH3 H-C-Br

CH3

L-

() , , (1) (2).

, -, . .

2 , , -.


CH3 HO- CH3

H-C-H H-C-H CH3-C-H

H-C-Cl H-C---Cl -Cl- H-C-COOH

COOH COOH -H2O

- -

1 . , , . H-C--CH3 CH3-C-H

CH3 H-C-Hal H-C-COOH

H-C-H COOH -

H-C-Hal -H2O

COOH CH3-C-H CH3-C-H

H-C-Hal HOOC-C-H

COOH -

, -, , , -.





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