1. , .
2. - , . - 0.
3. - .
4. - , .
5. -, .. .
13
, NO2-.
1.
R-CH2-NO2 | R CH-NO2 R | R R-C-NO2 R |
2.
) ( );
) ( ).
CH3-NO2 CH3-CH2-NO2 | ||
CH3-CH2-CH2-NO2 NO2 CH3-CH-CH3 | 1- 2- | |
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NO2 CH3 CH3-CH2-CH-NO2 CH3 CH3-C-NO2 CH3 | 1- 2- 2--2- |
1.
2. . .
CH3-CH-CH-CH3
NO2 CH3
()
2--3- ()
1. (. )
2. 67% HNO3 500-6000.
3.
R + N2O4 RNO2 + NO2
4. ( -),
C2H5-NO2 + NaBr
C2H5Br + NaNO2-
C2H5-O-N=O + NaBr
. -, . ( 1 2)
Na-O-N=O Na+ + -O-N=O O=N-O-
:
O-N-O
.
, . , . SN1, , .. , .
CH3 CH3 CH3
CH-I I- + +CH CH-O-N=O
CH3 CH3 ON=O CH3
:
1. ;
2. (, );
|
|
3. AgNO2.
SN2, ( ), .. , .
H CH3
- + O H CH3 O
Br C +:N BrCN Br- + CH3-CH2-NO2
H O H O
.
SN2 :
1. ;
2. ;
3. NaNO2.