, .
.
3.
(), , , , , , , , , .
, :
();
;
;
;
;
;
.
3.1. ( )
, , . . . .
a = < 2, 2, 3, 4, 4 > .
a : 2, ; 2, ; 3; ; 4, ; 4, . .. , , . . . . a S a = < a 1, a 2, a 3,..., a S >, |a| = S.
, , . , a = < 3, Æ, 2 x - 1, {2, 1}, <3, 7> > 5. - 3, , , 2.
, . , b = < 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 > 5. 2 , 3 . 2, 3, 4,... 1. , g = < 6 >.
, , a = < >. .
, (a = b), a b a b.
a b (a ¹ b), a b.
a, b, g :
a = b, b = a,
a = b b = g, a = g.
, a = < 3, 5 > b = < 5, 3 > , a = < 9, 10 > b = < 9, 10 > .
|
|
, . , . - :
: a = < a, b >, b = < c, d >, a = b a = c & b = d;
: a = <a1, a2, a3>, b = <b1, b2, b3>, a = b a1 = b1 & a2 = b2 & a3 = b3.
a , a . , , .
3.2.
, , .. 2, , .
× .
, 2:,< 1, 2>, , :