Лекции.Орг


Поиск:




Категории:

Астрономия
Биология
География
Другие языки
Интернет
Информатика
История
Культура
Литература
Логика
Математика
Медицина
Механика
Охрана труда
Педагогика
Политика
Право
Психология
Религия
Риторика
Социология
Спорт
Строительство
Технология
Транспорт
Физика
Философия
Финансы
Химия
Экология
Экономика
Электроника

 

 

 

 


How Application Programs Work




Application programs are written in a text based computer language as mentioned in the section about hardware and software. Once written, they are compiled into a binary language the computer understands. The application programs use function calls (as described in the section about operating systems) to interface to the various computer peripherals such as your keyboard, mouse, screen, printers, and other devices. Most of these function calls are provided by the operating system so the application programs are usually compiled for a specific operating system such as Microsoft Windows 2000®, Microsoft Windows XP®, or Microsoft Windows 98®.

Application Problems

An application program is a computer program. It is written by human programmers who make mistakes. Therefore there can be errors in the code even though there may be some testing before the product is released. Application programs vary widely in the quality of the code. Errors in code are referred to as "bugs". Bugs can cause unpredictable results including system crashes, inability to perform expected functions, or providing an exploit for an attacker who wants to gain control of your system.

Utility is usefulness, the ability of something to satisfy needs or wants. Utility is an important concept in economics and game theory, because it represents satisfaction experienced by the consumer of a commodity or a "good". Not coincidently, a good is something that satisfies human wants and provides utility, for example, to a consumer making a purchase. It was recognized that one cannot directly measure benefit, satisfaction or happiness from a good or service, so instead economists have devised ways of representing and measuring utility in terms of economic choices that can be counted. Economists have attempted to perfect highly abstract methods of comparing utilities by observing and calculating economic choices. In the simplest sense, economists consider utility to be revealed in people's willingness to pay different amounts for different goods.

Utility software is system software designed to help analyse, configure, optimize or maintain a computer.

Utility software usually focuses on how the computer infrastructure (including the computer hardware, operating system, application software and data storage) operates. Due to this focus, utilities are often rather technical and targeted at people with an advanced level of computer knowledge - in contrast to application software, which allows users to do things like creating text documents, playing video games, listening to music or viewing websites.

Utilitysoftwarecategories

· Anti-virus utilities scan for computer viruses

· Archivers output a stream or a single file when provided with a directory or a set of files. Archive utilities, unlike archive suites, usually do not include compression or encryption capabilities. Some archive utilities may even have a separate un-archive utility for the reverse operation.

· Backup software can make copies of all information stored on a disk and restore either the entire disk (e.g. in an event of disk failure) or selected files (e.g. in an event of accidental deletion).

· Clipboard managers expand the clipboard functionality of an operating system.

· Cryptographic utilities encrypt and decrypt streams and files.

· Data compression utilities output a shorter stream or a smaller file when provided with a stream or file.

· Data synchronization utilities establish consistency among data from a source to a target data storage and vice versa. Thereareseveralbranchesofthistypeofutility:

o File synchronization utilities maintain consistency between two sources. They may be used to create redundancy or backup copies but are also used to help users carry their digital music, photos and video in their mobile devices.

o Revision control utilities are intended to deal with situations where more than one user attempts to simultaneously modify the same file.

· Disk checkers can scan operating hard drive.

· Disk cleaners can find files that are unnecessary to computer operation, or take up considerable amounts of space. Disk cleaner helps the user to decide what to delete when their hard disk is full.

· Disk compression utilities can transparently compress/uncompress the contents of a disk, increasing the capacity of the disk.

· Disk defragmenters can detect computer files whose contents are broken across several locations on the hard disk, and move the fragments to one location to increase efficiency.

· Disk partitions can divide an individual drive into multiple logical drives, each with its own file system which can be mounted by the operating system and treated as an individual drive.

· Disk space analysers for the visualization of disk space usage by getting the size for each folder (including sub folders) & files in folder or drive showing the distribution of the used space.

· Diskstorage utilities

· File managers provide a convenient method of performing routine data management tasks, such as deleting, renaming, cataloguing, uncataloguing, moving, copying, merging, generating and modifying data sets.

· Hex editors directly modify the text or data of a file. Thesefilescouldbedataoranactualprogram.

· Memory testers check for memory failures.

· Network utilities analyse the computer's network connectivity, configure network settings, check data transfer or log events.

· Registry cleaners clean and optimize the Windows registry by removing old registry keys that are no longer in use.

· Screensavers were desired to prevent phosphor burn-in on CRT and plasma computer monitors by blanking the screen or filling it with moving images or patterns when the computer is not in use. Contemporaryscreensaversareusedprimarilyforentertainmentorsecurity.

· System monitors for monitoring resources and performance in a computer system.

· System profilers provide detailed information about the software installed and hardware attached to the computer.

 





Поделиться с друзьями:


Дата добавления: 2018-10-17; Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!; просмотров: 223 | Нарушение авторских прав


Поиск на сайте:

Лучшие изречения:

Так просто быть добрым - нужно только представить себя на месте другого человека прежде, чем начать его судить. © Марлен Дитрих
==> читать все изречения...

2443 - | 2199 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - Контакты - Последнее добавление

Ген: 0.009 с.