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. . , , ,
; . , , , ; , . , .
: , , , , .
, , . , , . , , , . , . , , "-".
, . , , . , . , .
. - . . " " "Psychological Abstracts". , . , , . , , , , . , , [12, 30].
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(. , . , . , . , . , . .) , . "". - " " , , . - " ",
. 86
- . - " " . ( ) () [4]. : - , . , . , , , , , , , , (. . , . . , . . , . . ). , . , , , [8]. , - . , , -. , , , , - [33]. (, , ) , , , , . , . ; , [32].
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. , , . ( , , , , ) [24]. , , : , , , , , , , , , , . , , 339 , , , . , , . , , ; , ; .. , ( ): , (, ), , , , , , , [14].
, , , , , , . , -
. 87
, . . , . , , , (, , ), . - , . "Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice" ( : ) 1978 , [11, 15, 23, 31]. . [1, 3, 4]. , . . ("") . , , - . , , , . [1]. " ?" " ?", , - . , [2]. - () , [3].
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. : (), . , , . :
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* , ()?
* , ()?
* ? ?
: , : 1. () ; 2. () ; 3. () ; 4. () .
: "" (), "" (), "" (), " " (). : " " (), "" (), "" (), " " ().
, , . , (, ), : " () ". .
, ( , n = 23) ( , n = 17). - 35.8, 8.5; - 24.0, 5.3; .
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. 88
: " () , : , , , ?" 73% , : " ", ", ", " ", " ", ", - ".
. 1. : , . ("", " ", " ", " "). (" ", " ", " , - "). -23.1 % - : - " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", ", ". 35.3% (. 1). : " ", " ", " ", " , ". (58.8%) : " ", " ", ", - " (. . 1). 5.9% . -, , ( / ).
. , , , , , , , , [7]. , , , .. , [25]. . , ; , , [5, . 18].
: " , ()?", " , ()?".
30.4% : , , . , : , , ; , ; , ; , .
, , . , , , . , , . : , [22].
17.4% , : " , "; " , , , "; " ", " ". , 47.8% ("", "
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. 1.
. 89
1. (), (), () () (n = 23) ( %)
() | 52.2 | 26.1 | 43.5 | 73.9 | 4.4 | 0.0 |
() | 43.5 | 39.1 | 52.2 | 52.2 | 4.4 | 8.7 |
() | 34.8 | 56.5 | 47.8 | 21.7 | 17.4 | 21.7 |
() | 17.4 | 34.8 | 73.9 | 60.9 | 8.7 | 4.4 |
- ", " 8 "), 65.2% (. . 1). , - . , - : 52.2% .
Racusin, Abramovitz, Winter , 100% , , [29]. , / 50% [ ].
. 2 (), () ; () () () . , : 56.5% 21.7 - , 34.8% -17% (. 2). , . , ( , ) , (47.8% ). , , 17.4% , : "", "", " ", " ". " " - ; - 8.7%. , , : 73.9% , (60.9% ).
, , , , : " , "; : " ", " ", ", - ". -
. 2.
. 90
, (34.8% 17.4%) - . 2.
: " "; " , , "; " , , "; ", "; " " - 34.8%. , : " ", "", " ". "", : "", ", ", " ", " , "; , (, ), , , : " ", " ", " ". , . .
Racusin, Abramovitz, Winter , , , [29]. . , , , . , , :
* ,
* ,
* , , , , [5, . 18].
. , , , "" "" , , , [ , . 29].
, , , , , 26.1%, 52.2% . , (" - ", " , ", " ", " , "); , : " , ", " ", " - ", ", , ", " - , ". , ( ) , . , , , , , . , , : " ", " , ", " ", " ", " ", " 7 , ", " ". , , , , .
. , , . : 70.6% , (23.5% ).
, : " , "; ", , , "; " -"; " "; ", "; " , "; " ", " "; " ".
, , : "", "", " , ", "". : ", ", ", , -
. 91
2. , , ( = 17) ( %)
() | 41.27 | 64.7 | 52.9 | 35.3 | 5.9 | 0.0 |
() | 23.5 | 70.6 | 76.5 | 23.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
() | 35.3 | 64.7 | 64.7 | 35.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
() | 17.7 | 29.4 | 82.4 | 70.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
", ", ", ", 100% ".
, (52.9%) : ", ", , , , , : "". : " ", " ", " , " 17.6% (. 2).
. , , ; , . , .
, , . , .
. 3 (), (), () () () . , - 11.8%, - 43.5%; 52.2% 35.3% .
: " ? ?". , , , , ( ). ; , , , -, ( ). R. Erskine : " , . : "" , . , , -
. 3.
. 92
3. , , (n = 23) ( %)
() | 21.7 | 47.8 | 73.9 | 52.2 | 4.4 | 0.0 |
() | 34.8 | 56.5 | 52.2 | 30.4 | 13.0 | 13.0 |
() | 30.4 | 60.9 | 60.9 | 30.4 | 8.7 | 8.7 |
4. , , (n = 23) ( %)
() | 26.7 | 53.3 | 73.3 | 46.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
() | 46.7 | 53.3 | 53.3 | 46.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
() | 46.77 | 46.7 | 53.3 | 53.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
, - , -, . , - " [19]. . , . , , [6].
" ? ?" / .
(21.7% 47.8% - ), (34.8% 56.5 - ), (30.4% 60.9 - ) - . . 3.
(26.7% 53.3 - ; 46.7% 53.3 - ). , - . . 4.
, . , , ( ) ( - ), .
. 4 (, , ) (), () (), () () . , : , 60.9% . , ; .
. 5 (, , ) (), () (), () () . , , . , . , . , , ( ).
, -, . ,
. 93
. 5.
, : , , , , , , , , . ; . Pope, Feldman-Summers , 33.1% , 36.6% - , [26]. Elliott, Guy [18], . , , , , - [18].
, - . , ( ) , , , . , , , , , [18]. 95.5% ; , Elliott, Guy : 30.4% , . Follette, Polusny, Milbeck
. 94
29.8% [20]; . [13] , , , , ; , . , , , , , , , [17].
, , , . . , , [9, . 115 - 116]. , , , , , [13]. : .
, 74% , (33), (15), (23), (20), (16) [21]. , , 82% 89 : , , , . , , , [25]. -, , , .
, , [18]. Orlinsky, Howard [28], , [10] , . Dunkle, Friedlander [16], Orlinsky, Howard, , , , , , [16]. , Pope, Tabachnick , 61% , , [27]. , , . ( ) [9].
, , . , , . , , , . , . . , . (.. ) , .
, -
. 95
. , , .
1. . . : // . 1999. N 1. . 87 - 96.
2. - . . .: , 2003.
3. . . // . 1998. N 6. . 35 - 39.
4. . . // : III . ., 2003. . 5. . 325 - 328.
5. . . .: , 2003.
6. . . : // . 1999. N 3. . 99 - 109.
7. . . // . 1996. N 1. . 5 - 19.
8. . . // : III . ., 2003. . 6. . 401 - 404.
9. . . .: , 2001.
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