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4 () (075)
81.2. . 97
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Unit 1.
THE ALPHABET
, . , , (, , ), , . , ..
,
Aa [ei], Bb [bi:], Cc [si:], Dd [di:], Ee [i:], Ff [εf], Gg [dgi:], Hh [eit∫], Ii [ai], Jj [djei], Kk [kei], Ll [εl], Mm [εm], Nn [εn], Oo [au], Pp [pi:], Qq [kju:], Rr [a:], Ss [εs], Tt [ti:], Uu [ju:], Vv [vi:], Ww [d^blju:], Xx [εks], Yy [wai], Zz [zεd].
: a, e, i, o, u, (y)
: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, (y), z.
y , , .. [i] - city, [j] yard.
VERB
.
, . , , , , , , , , , to. . ?. . , , .. , " - s" / . , , . to be .
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to do
to have .
to be
.
1 . I am I am a student
2 . you are You are a student
3 . she (he, it) is She is a student ()
.
1 . we are We are students
2 . you are You are students
3 . they are They are students
Is your friend a worker? ?
No, he isnt. My friend is not a worker. He is a pupil. , . .
Where is he? He is at school now. ? .
. - was
. - were
He was in Moscow last year. .
They were students ten years ago. .
! , - "will". , .. .
will be
I will be a student next year. .
to do
.
1 . I do
2 . you do
3 . she (he, it) does
.
1 . we do
2 . you do
3 . they do
Did
Will do
I will do this work for you. .
Who does the cooking in your family? She does it. Does he do it? He doesnt do it.
? . ? .
He did this work last week. When did he do this work?
. ?
What are you doing now? I am watching TV.
? .
to have
.
1 . I have
2 . You have
3 . She (he, it) has
.
1 . We have
2 . You have
3 . They have
Had
Will have
, to have - , , , ., .
, to have
to have got, , .
He has a book. . He has not a book. . He hasn't any book. . He has no book. . He has some books. - . He has not any books. . He has no books. . He has ten books. . He has not ten books. .
He has many books. He has not many books.
. .
Has he many books? ?
He had an interesting book. He had no French books.
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. .
He hadnt any Spanish books. .
He will have many German books. When will he have them?
. ?
He will not (wont) have many English books. .
I have got a large family. .
I have got many foreign magazines. .
Have you got a cold? ?
there + to be
There is a table near the window. .
There is a table and six chairs in the room. .
Is there a bookcase in the room? Yes, there is. ? , .
Is there a piano in the room? No, there is not. (No, there isnt) ?-
There is no piano in the room. There is not any piano in the room. . .
There are some machines in the workshop. Are there any machines in the workshop? Yes, there are some. There are no (any) TV-sets in the workshop. . ? , . .
There were many students at the meeting yesterday. .
There will be a scientific conference next Saturday. .
There - there + to be, , , - - , :
There + to be + + .
, .. . " there + to be" a/ an.
(Case of Nouns)
| (The common case) | (The possessive case) |
| A boy, days (, ) | A mans hat, a days visit , |
. (singular) . (plural)
a girls dress - the girls dresses
the boys mother- the boys mother
Anns sister
the students books
the books of the students
the mans abilities - the mens abilities
Jane and Marys room
s , . s, .
s , :
Did you hear last nights news? ?
The building was at a mile's distance from us. .
of. , , of. of s , s , .
The books of the boys The boys books .
(? ?). , , , , , of. , " ": a piece of cake - .
(Preposition+Noun Combinitation and their Russian Equivalents)
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of + - = (? ?)
London is the capital of Great Britain. .
, , , .
by + - = (? ?)
David Copperfield was written by Ch. Dickens. ..
with + - =
He likes to work with these tools. .
to + - = (? ?)
She gave the book to her friend. .
1 Unit 1
PRONOUNS
