, ( )
:
() | () |
COOH.
, , ( ).
R: Ζ , H+.
CH3COOH ⇄ CH3COO− + H+. ( ), .
( ):
:
1) CH3COOH ⇄ CH3COO− + H+ ( )
2) 2CH3COOH + Mg → Mg(CH3COOH)2 + H2↑
3) 2CH3COOH + MgO → Mg(CH3COO)2 + H2O
4) CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
5) CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2↑
: ( ):
13 (1)
III . .
I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | |
Na +11))) 2 8 1 | Mg +12))) 2 8 2 | Al +13))) 2 8 3 | Si +14))) 2 8 4 | P +15))) 2 8 5 | S +16))) 2 8 6 | Cl +17))) 2 8 7 | Ar +18))) 2 8 8 | |
Na2O | MgO | Al2O3 | SiO2 | P2O5 | SO3 | Cl2O7 | ||
NaOH | Mg(OH)2 | Al(OH)3 | H2SiO3 - | H3PO4 - | H2SO4 - | HClO4 - |
. +1 +2 , +3 . +4, +5, +6, +7 . , .
: .
13 (2)
, , . .