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. , (. ). . , . . . , , : :

.. and Mrs. Garland was there and Mr. Abel was there, and Kit's mother was there, and little Jacob was there, and Barbara's mother was seen in remote perspective.

. :

It was an unearthly howl that made my skin prickle, and everyone at the table looked up sharply.

269


"It's Konrad," he said. "Someone was passed along the road, too near the gate to suit his taste. He's a faithful brute, is Konrad."

(M. G. Eberhart. While the Patient Slept.)

:

"Were you, damme? Well, and what of it? He's a stout fellow, is George Godolphin, one of my oldest friends."

(Daphnede Maurier.)

, , . . . , , . :

Your limbs they are alive. (Wordsworth.) The Smith, a mighty man is he. (Longfellow.) And this maiden, she lived with no other thought. (E. Poe) Ou, but he was a tight-fished hand at the grind-stone, Scrooge.

(Ch. Dickens.)

- .


, . , . () . , .

, , , . , , , .1

, . , , , , , -

1 . . . - . 1950. - C. 212.

271


. , , .

, , , -. . : Good intentions but... , , but , . . .

. . , (?), (!), (.), (....), () . , , , , , , .

, . , , , - . . "A City without Adventure". , . . . knew . knew , .

. knew -

272


, .

- - . , , "parish":

And here I must remark, with what alacrity you are accustomed to fly to the succour of your distressed allies, leaving the distressed of your own country to the care of Providence or the parish.

(G. Byron. Speech during the Debate on the Frame-Work Bill in the House of Lords, February 27, 1813).

, , , , .

, , . , , , , , , , , .

() , - .

. . , , . , , . , . . , day

18 323 273


decay , . ;

The speaker discussed the source of the force of international law.

. , , , , , , . :

Until this voyage began I didn't know what life meant. And then I saw you. It was like the gate of heaven opening. You are the dearest girl I ever met, and you can bet, I'll never forget...

He stopped. "I'm not trying to make it rhyme," he said appologetically. "Billy, don't think me silly...

I mean, if you had the merest notion dearest... I don't know what's the matter with me, Billy. Darling. You're the only girl in the world. Surely that doesn't come as a surprise to you? That is, I mean, you must have seen, that I have been keen...

, . . , .

, [s] : And she shuddered as she sat, still silent, in her seat, and he saw that she shuddered.

. , . , : , , , . , , . ... , , , .1

1 . . . ., . XIII, . 202.

274


, . . : . , , , . , , , ; , , , : , , , .1

, .

, - . . :

Secret and self-contained and solitary as an oyster. (Ch. Dickens.) :

The possessive instinct never stands still Through florescence and feud, frosts and fires it follows the laws of progression

(J. Galsworthy.)

, , - . , , .

1 . . . .. . XIII, . 203. 18* 275


. . . , , , . , :

, . : , .

, . , , , , - . , , - , (. ).

. :

Tit for tat; blind as a bat; betwixt and between; It is neck or nothing; To rob Peter to pay Paul . .

, :

Sense and Sensibility

Pride and Prejudice; School for Scandal;

A Book of Phable and Phrase.


, - .

, , . , . , .1 . . , , , . - (, , ), . , () , ; () .

. . . : . . , , ( , . .) , , , , . , - , , , . , , , , , .2

, , , . . . , , [d]

1 . . .: , 1937. - C. 174. 2 . . , 1948 . 229 230.

277


, , , [1], . , , , . [d] , , :

"... here I opened wide the door

Darkness there, and nothing more.

Deep into that darkness peering, long I stood there wondering, fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before."

(E. Poe. The Raven)

. , , -, - , . -, , , , , , , , , , .

. : ( ), ( ), , .

( ) .

.

278


. , , .

, , . , . - , , , . XII XIV ( ) .

, .

, , , :

Palace-roof of cloudless nights! Paradise of golden lights!

(S h e l l e y.)

, , :

Higher still and higher

From the earth thou springest;

Like a, cloud of fire

The blue deep thou wingest...

(Shelley.)

:

"They have a number, though they never

exhibit 'em

Four wives by law, and concubines

at libitum "

( y r o n.)

.

( ) . -

279


, (, ).

, .

, ( "broken rhyme"): .

upon her----- honour------ won her...

bottom----- forgot 'em------- shot him...

( y r o n.)

.

, ( ), : might right; heedless needless.

, , : hours ours; perfection infection.

, , .

: 1) , ; : tale pain; flesh fresh guess 2) , : tale pull; worth forth.

, , . . , . : love prove; flood brood; have grave. , . . , , -

280


. .

:

1) (),

2) (),

3) (),

4) ( ), : (),

5) () . .

.

, . , , . :

I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers... (Shelley)

. . . . . , , .

, , (). , , - , () . : buzz, bang, cuckoo, tintinnabulation, to mew .1

1 , : . buzz.

281


.

, . . , , . : ting-tang, ping-pong, tap. . , , . , , .

to mew , , (), .

, , , - .

- . , : , , , () , . , (.) [] . : And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain... (E. Poe.) [s] - ( ) , . "The Bells", , . :

Hear the sledges with the bells

Silver bells! What a world of merriment their melody foretells!

How they tinkle, tinkle, tinkle,

In the icy air of night!

282


While the stars, that over-sprinkle

All the heavens, seem to twinkle

With a crystalline delight; Keeping time, time, time In a sort of Runic rhyme,

To the tintinnabulation that so musically wells From the bells, bells, bells, bells,

Bells, bells, bells From the jingling and the tinkling of the bells."

, , - . . - , , , . - , , . R. Southey "How the Water Comes down at Lodore:"

Here it comes sparkling,

And there it lies darkling,

Here smoking and frothing,

Its tumult and wrath in,

It hastens along, conflicting strong;

Now striking and raging,

As if a war waging,

Its caverns and rooks among.

Rising and leaping,

Sinking and creeping,

Swelling and flinging,

Showering and springing,

Eddying and whisking,

Spouting and frisking,

Turning and twisting,

Around and around;

With endless rebound;

Smiting and fighting,

A sight to delight in,

Confounding, astounding,

Dizzying and deafening the ear with its sound.

Receding and speeding,

283


And shocking and rocking,

And darting and parting,

And threading, and spreading.

And whizzing and hissing,

And dripping and skipping,

And brightening and whitening.

And quivering and shivering.

And glittering and flittering,

And foaming and roaming,

And working and jerking

And heaving and cleaving,

And thundering and floundering,

And falling and crawling and sprawling.

And driving and riving and striving.

And sprinkling and twinkling and wrinkling.

And sounding and bounding and rounding,

And bubbling and troubling and doubling,

Dividing and gliding and sliding,

And grumbling and rumbling and tumbling,

And clattering and battering and shattering,

And gleaming and streaming and steaming and beaming,

And rushing and flushing and brushing and gushing.

And flapping and rapping and clapping and slapping,

And curling and whirling and purling and twirling,

Retreating and meeting, and beating, and sheeting,

Delaying and straying and playing and spraying,

Advancing and prancing and glancing and dancing,

Recoiling, turmoiling, and toiling, and boiling,

And thumping and plumping and bumping, and jumping,

And dashing and flashing and splashing and clashing;

And so never endings and always descending,

Sounds and motions for ever and ever are blending;

All at once, and all o'er, with a mighty uproar,

And in this way the water comes down at Lodore.

, , . , , () - . . , , . , .

284


. , .

( , . .). , , . , , , . , . . , () , . , .

. ('excellent), (humility). . (, revolution).

, . (, , ). ( ). , , .

, () .

285


, , , . :

I'go to the 'Institute 'every 'day.

|, , :

, 1 , 2 . , , ( ) , .

:

'What if the 'action 'lay a'gainst the 'board. (Galsworthy.)

, . , .

, , - . , .

.

. , . :

And where will you fetch it from, all you Big Steamers?

And where shall I write you when you are away? (Kipling.)

286


. . .

. , , , , . ; () ().

. . , , .

, :

I pulled through it, though nobody threw me out a rope. Vagabond, errand-boy, vagabond, labourer, porter, clerk, chief manager, small partner, Josiah Bounderby of Coketown. Those are the antecedents, and the culmination. (Ch. Dickens.)

, . ,

And indeed, they were at music, or at backboard, or at geography, or at history, the whole day long. (W. M. Thackeray.)

, . , , , , .

, 1- 2- . :

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its

287


noisiest authorities insisted on its being received for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.

(C h. D i n s. A Tale of Two Cities.)

. , + , , , . :

The high-sloping roof, of a fine sooty pink, was almost Danish, and two "ducky" little windows looked out of it, giving an impression that very tall servants lived up there. (J. Galsworthy.)

, . - . , .

, , , .

.

, .


. , , . , , , , , .

, , . , .

, , , , , . , .

() . , , . .1 ,

1 . , , , , . , ( ) . . , , .

19-323 289


. , , , , . . , . , , . , , , . :

1 ,

2. ,

3. ,

4. ,

5.

, .

: I looked upon the rotting sea.

And drew my eyes away.

: Would you ask me whence these stories

Whence these legends and traditions.

: Cannon to right of them

290


Cannon to left of them.

:

O talk not to me of a name great in story

The days of our youth are the days of our glory.

:

Do you ask what the birds say? The sparrow, the dove.

. , ,1 , , , , , , ,- . , , , , . , :

There was three kings into the East

, , , , into, . , , (U '), (UU).2 , . ,

1 . . .

2 : Whence these legends and traditions.

19* 291


, , , . .

, , . ( ), .

. :

And still1 the more and more they drank.

. . . : , . , , , . , :

Stay, my charmer, can you leave me? Cruel, cruel to deceive me.

. , , , to, .

, (_'_'). ,

1 still , , , , .

292


. . :

Roll on, thou deep and dark blue ocean roll!

Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain; Man marks the earth; with ruin his control

. ; - : . , roll, ten man . , , , . , () . .

, , , , . , , . ; .1

1 . . - . , , , ( . .), ... , . ,


, . , . , , .

. . , , , , , . :

Full many a glorious morning have I seen Flatter the mountain tops with sovereign eye, Kissing with golden face the meadows green, Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy.

(W. Shakespeare.)

, , .

, , . , . , :

Then hate me when thou wilt; if ever, now: Now, while the world is bent my deeds to cross.

now . , .

, . . , , .

- , -

(), , . ( . . "Academia". ., 1925, . 85 86.)

294


. , . . : , .1

, . , , .2

- , , , ( ), .

. , , monometre, dimetre, trimetre, tetrametre, pentametre, hexametre, heptametre, octometre. . . . , , , , , :

Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow sorrow for the Lost Lenore For the rare and radiant maiden whom the Angels name Lenore Nameless here for evermore.

.

1 .. . "Academia". ., 1925. . 4445. 2 . .


( ). ( ), , . , , . . , (. . ), .

:

iambic tetrametre , trochaic octometre , iambic pentametre , dactylic haxametre . .

, . : , .

, , . . , , , .

, , : .

, . , , . , . , , . , . ,

296


- . "Annabel Lee":

It was many and many a year ago,

In a kingdom by the sea,

That a maiden there lived, whom you may know,

by the name of ANNABEL LEE;"

And this maiden she lived with no other thought

Than to love and be loved by me.

I was a child and she was a child,

In this kingdom by the sea;

But we loved with a love that was more than love

I and my ANNABEL LEE;

With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven

Coveted her and me. And this was the reason that, long ago, In this kingdom by the sea, A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling My beautiful ANNABEL LEE; So that her highborn kinsmen came And bore her away from me, To shut her up in a sepulchre In this kingdom by the sea.

(E. Poe. Annabel Lee)


297

: , , , . , lived , , . Annabel Lee, , . , , , . ( || , ).


, . , ( ). . (:) :

. . , , , .

. , , , . - . , , , , . .

, . , , , , .

, , , enjambement. .


, , ( ) .

, , , , , . ( , , ) . :

Man marks the earth with ruin his control Stops with the shore; upon the watery plain The wrecks are all thy deed, nor doth remain A shadow of man's ravage, save his own...

(G. Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.)

enjambement, . , , . Enjambement , . . , enjambement ; .

enjambement . , , .1 enjambement, - .

, - , (blank verse).

1 . . . . .

299


.

, . . , . . , . , , . (, , enjambement) , . .1 :

Othello. Nay, stay; thou shouldst be honest.

I a g o. I should be wise; for honesty's a fool and loses that it works for.

Othello. By the world,

I think my wife be honest and think she is not; I think that thou art just and think thou art not. I'll have some proof. Her name, that was as fresh As Dian's visage, is now begrim'd and black As mine own face. If there be cords or knives, Poison or fire or suffocating streams, I'll not endure it. Would I were satisfied!

I a g o. I see, sir, you are eaten up with passion. I do repent me that I put it to you. You would be satisfied?

-

1 . (. The Daily Worker 12.XII 1955) , .

00


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. . .

: 1) . .

: ,





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