(, ) 䳺 , , , .
: , . , . ( .)
, .
Participle , .
: When Peter came home from Kyiv, we asked him to tell us about the exhibition. Peter coming home from Kyiv, we asked him to tell us about the exhibition.
Peter coming home from Kyiv , 䳺 (the Absolute Participle Complex), ( ) 䳺. Peter 䳺 .
䳺 Participle.
䳺 (, , 䳿, ):
| The rain having stopped, we went home. | , . |
| The day being very fine, she went for a walk. | , . |
| Weather permitting, we'll spend our day off in the forest. | , . |
䳺 :
) :
| The letterbeing written, went to post it. | , . |
) , :
| They went quickly out of the house, Jude accompanying her to the station. | , . |
) 䳺 :
| Her face smiling, she came into the room. | , . |
, 䳺 -, , :
| She sat down at the table,her hands beginning to tremble. | , . |
| The evening was so dark,(the moon not having yet risen),that he could see no one twenty yards off. | ( ), . |
| came into the room,his face smiling. | ³ . |
䳺 with. 䳿 䳺 :
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| She was sitting on the ground, with her head and one arm lying on a chair. | , . |
| He was standing, with his arms crossed and his head bent. | ³ , . |
18.4
䳺
1. , 䳺 .
1. The letter being written, I went to post it. 2. The rain having stopped, we went home. 3.The day being very fine, we went for a walk. 4.They went quickly out of the house, Tom accompanying her to the station. 5. The professor being ill, the lecture was put off. 6. My task finished, I went to bed. 7. His question unanswered, he couldnt go away. 8.The wind having stopped, they set out to walk. 9. The weather having changed, we decided to stay at home. 10. It being very late, they decided to postpone their visit. 11. The treaty having been signed, trade was at once resumed. 12. Dinner being over, we assembled in the living room. 13. Electrons moving through a wire, electrical energy is generated. 14. Any moving object can do work, the quantity of kinetic energy depending on its mass and velocity. 15. Ann stood up and ran around the desks, Tom running after her. 16. All the necessary preparations having been made, the expedition started off. 17. The cathode heated, the electrons leave the surface and move to the anode. 18. It being Sunday, the library was closed. 19. The treaty is written in the Ukrainian and English languages, both texts being equally valid.
2. , 䳺 .
1. The texts translated by the students were not very difficult. 2. When translating some new texts he usually wrote out all new words. 3. If translated into Russian, this article will be of great importance for me. 4. The text being translated by the students is not very difficult 5. Being written, the letter must be posted. 6. Having passed the examination, he joined a group of students who were standing in the corridor. 7. The engineers invited to our plant are well-known specialists. 8. Being invited too late his friend could not come. 9. The lecture followed by an experiment was interesting. 10. When shown this book, pay attention to the Periodic table. 11. The newly built school is very fine. 12. When asked the students answered very well. 13. Ice melts when heated. 14. Having solved this important problem, the scientist made a report. 15. People coming to Moscow visit different museums.
3. , 䳺 .
A. Model: As the weather was fine, we went for a walk. The weather being fine, we went for a walk.
1. As my friend lives far from here, I go to his place by bus. 2. As the play was very popular, it was difficult to get tickets. 3. As it is rather cold, I put on my coat. 4. As his mother teaches English, he knows the language very well. 5. As her son was ill, she could not go to the theatre.
B. Model: As my brother had locked the door, I couldnt get into the room. My brother having locked the door, I couldnt get into the room.
1. As our teacher had visited India, we asked him to tell us about that country. 2. When the match had ended, the people went home. 3. As my friend had bought the tickets beforehand, we did not need to hurry. 4. After the sun had risen, we continued our way. 5. As his sister had broken his spectacles, he had to buy a pair of new ones.
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C. Model: As the bridge was destroyed, we couldnt cross the river. The bridge being destroyed, we couldnt cross the river.
1. As all shops were closed, we couldnt buy anything. 2. As the road was being repaired, I couldnt go there by bus. 3. As the book was being printed, we hoped to get it soon. 4. As houses are built very quickly nowadays, well soon get a new flat. 5. As the waiting-room was being cleaned, the passengers were not let in.
D. Model: When the work had been done, they went home.
