(Direct speech) | (Indirect speech) |
She will come soon. . | They told me that she would come in soon time. , . |
5. Past Tense .
can → could
will → would
shall → should
may → might
Past Tense could, would, should, might .
(Direct speech) | (Indirect speech) |
We will go home. . | She said that they would go home. , . |
She said, You could help my sister. : . | She said that I could help her sister. , . |
6. must , have to = had to.
(Direct speech) | (Indirect speech) |
I must clean the room. . | He said he must/ had to clean the room. , . |
7. , . Demonstrative pronouns and adverbs of time and place are replaced in other words.
(Direct speech) | (Indirect speech) |
here | there |
this | that/the |
these | those |
now | then |
today | that day |
tonight | that night |
tomorrow | the next day/the following day |
yesterday | the day before/the previous day |
next Monday | the following Monday |
last Friday | the previous Friday |
the day before yesterday | two days before/two days earlier |
ago | ago before |
: He said, I shall do it tomorrow. , .
He said that he would do it the next day. , .
8. , . Personal and possessive pronouns vary in meaning.
: He says, I have your T-shirt. : .
He says that he has my T-shirt. , .
17. The formation and use of the Passive Voice in English.
The Passive Voice is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be in the required form and Participle II of the notional verb. AM IS ARE | WAS WERE | WILL SHALL + ED
(a) The Present, Past and Future Indefinite Passive are formed by means of the Present, Past and Future Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle II of the notional verb.
(b) The Present, Past and Future Perfect Passive are formed by means of the Present, Past and Future Perfect of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle II of the notional verb.
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(c) The Present Continuous and the Past Continuous Passive are formed by means of the Present Continuous and the Past Continuous of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle II of the notional verb.
The use of the Passive Voice.
The Passive Voice can be used:
(a) without the doer of the action being mentioned (the usual case). In this case the doer is either unknown or unimportant.