: .
, .
12.3.
- , , . , n <12, ( ) ().
8.207-76. :
1. .
2. () .
3. , .
4. .
5. C .
6. , .
7. ( ) .
8. ( ) .
9. .
, .
(, U ).
. , n = 20, , (50 ).
1. , .15.
15
xi | ||||||||||
xi |
, .. (. .16).
16
xi | ||||||||||
xi |
|
|
2. : mx, Dx, sx X
() .
* , , () 8 - 10 .
, . . , Ji X, ni i, , Pi* Pi X (i: i +1).
k
k = 3,322 lg n + 1 = 3,322 lg20 + 1 = 3,322 ´ 1,3010 + 1 ≈ 5 = 5.
, k = 5.
(i: i +1) , .
.17 ( ).
17
Ji | 95 - 97 | 97 - 99 | 99 - 101 | 101 - 103 | 103 - 105 |
ni | |||||
Pi* | 0,10 | 0,20 | 0,40 | 0,20 | 0,10 |
Pi | 0,0753 | 0,2395 | 0,3472 | 0,2395 | 0,0753 |
4. (. 23) (. 24), .
, .
5. ( 1).
.23.
. 24.
Pi :
17 ( ).
6. - ().
7. - , s :
r = k - s = 5 - 3 = 2.
8. ( 2) - ( c 2 = 0,6692 r = 2) P = 0,65, .
P = 0,65 , .
9.
,
.
10. t a P a= 0,95. n - 1 = 20 - 1 = 19.
( 3) t a= 2,09.
11. x .
, 95 % 95,3 104,7.
12. x , . , ..
.
|
|
95 % , 99 101 .
1. .
2. ?
3. ?
4. , ?
5. ?
13.
13.1. ר
8.563.1 -97, 8.563.2 97.*
*( 8.586.1-5 2005 . 1-5).
:
-
:
- (4), = 99,00 %
- (N2), = 0,79 %
- (2), = 0,21 %
:
1. : = 748 . .;
2. : = 0,4 ;
3. : t = 10 . ;
4. : ρ = 0,67992 / 3;
5.
: Δ = 100 ;
6. : 1
7.
: d2 0 = 61,354 ;
8.
: r = 0,05 ;
9.
: D20 = 100 ;
10.
: R = 0,1 ;
11. : q = 8000 3 /;
12. : q = 3000 3 /;
13.
: 5 %
14.
30319.0 - 96: = 0,101325 ;
15.
30319.0 - 96: = 293,15 .
1. , p, :
= 748 .. = 748×13.595×10-4 = 1,0169 = 0,09972
= 0,4
= 0,09972 + 0,4 = 0,49972
2. , , :
=273,15 + t C
= 273,15 + 10 = 283,15
3. , m, :
30319.1 30319.3
m = mm,
- ;
m - ,
.
, , (48) (49) 30319.2, :
p = 2,9585(1,608 - 0,05994 ρ + x - 0,392 x),
= 88,25(0,9915 + 1,759 ρ - - 1,681 x).
= 2,9585(1,608 - 0,05994×0,67992 + 0,21 - 0,392×0,79) = 4,34179 ,
T = 88,25(0,9915 +1,759×0,67992- 0,21 - 1,681×0,79) = 57,3173 ,
= 0,49972 / 4,34179 = 0,11509
= 283,15 / 57,3173 = 4,940
m = 1+(0,0132457/118,2) = 1 + 0,000112 = 1,000112
m = 21,99433 = 0,00002199433
m = 0,00002199433×1,000112 = 0,0000219968
4. () k ( 30319.1 30319.3):
k = 1,556(1+0,074 x) - 3,9×10-4 (1- 0,68 x) - 0,208 ρ +
+ (ρ / )1,43[384(1 - x) (ρ / )0,8 + 26,4 x ],
k = 1,556(1+0,074×0,79) - 3,9×10-4×283,15(1- 0,68×0,79) - 0,208×0,67992 +
+ (0,49972/283,15)1,43 × [384(1- 0,79)(0,49972/283,15)0,8+ 26,4×0,79] =
= 1,456902584
5. () () .
|
|
5.1 , :
D = D20 t,
t - ;
t = 1 + γ (t - 20),
γ - ( 20)
γ = 10-6 [ + 10-3 t b - 10-6 t 2 ]
(, b, - , .1 8.563.1 97).
γ = 10-6 [11,1 + 10-3×10×7,7- 10-6×102×3,4] = 11,1766610-6
t =10
t = 1 + 11,17666×10-6(10 -20)= 0,999888
D20 = 100
D = 100×0,999888 = 99,9888
5.2 d, :
d = d20 0,
0-
0 = 1+ γ (t - 20),
γ - ( 12189);
γ = 10-6 [15,6 + 10-3108,3 - 10-61026,5] = 10-6 [15,6+0,083+0,00065] = 15,682310-6
0 = 1 + 15,682310-6 (10-20) = 0,999843
d20 = 61,354
d = 61,3540,999843 = 61,344
6. , β:
7. , E:
,
8. , , ( ):
~ = 0,5959 +0,0312 β 2,1 - 0,1840 β 8,
~ = 0,5959 +0,03120,6135362,1 - 0,18400,6135368 = 0,60339
9. , :
,
- ,
,
rH = 0,05
= 1,006126
10. , ε:
,
ε = 1 - (0,41 + 0,350,6135364)×100/(1,46562758×449,72) = 0,93687378
11. 8.563.1- 97 :
.
, = 1,
, = 1 + β 4 r 0Re
:
10,0011 > 0,9753264 .. , :
r0 ( 8.563.1-97)
,
R = 1, R > 106 ( 8.563.1-97) = 1+ 0,6135364×0,03×1 = 1,004250.
12. ρ, -3 :
- , .
30319.2 - 96 . . ( = 0,99139586).
-3
13. , Re:
,
e3 - , .6 8.563.2-97 (3=1,2732×103).
14. Δω, :
,
Δω = (1 - 0,6135361,9)×100 = 60,48
15. , Re:
,
16. , :
α = 1,079393×0,603666 = 0,651876
17. , :
= ~ K Re
= 0,60339×1,000458 = 0,603666
18. , q , 3/:
,
1 - , .4 8.563.2-97 ( 1 = 1,2645×10-1);
qc = 0,12645×1,079393×0,60339×1,000458×1,006126×1,0042499×0,9998432×
×61,3542×0,93687378× (0,67992)-1×(3,502037648×100)0,5 = 8078,254642 3/
19. , q, /:
q = q ρ = q0 ρ
q = 8127,74203×0,67992 = 5526,21436 / = 1,525713 /
, , , . . - . , . , , : - .
|
|
13.2.
"-", .4.47 26.12.00, /:004-470533 (P: , )
: ̻
N 1 2.12.2005,
8.563.1-97, 8.563.2-97.
(-315)
-
. ( ., .):
- 99,00 %
- ............(0.050, 0.000)........ 0.79 %
- 2.............(0.050, 0.000)........ 0.21 %
................. 750.076 .
....................... 0.4
* ....................... 0.5
............................... 5.0 .C
.......... 0.6792 /3
..0.05 %
........0.0 %
* .............. 3.56565 /3
* ................... 0.99065569
.... NX19 .
* ....................... 1.3081
* ..................... 0.00001054 ∙
.......................... 100
.................. 1
.. 100.0
:
.................... 61.355
*
........................ 61.341
........... 12189
*
............ 0.99977
......... 0.05
, ................... 1
*
.................. 1.00639
. 100.0
* ... 99.983
..................... 20
*
.................... 0.99983
....................... 0.15
*
.............................. 1.006
, 100D :
( )
( )
............................... 6240
1- 2-
... 100
1- 2- 100.0
................................ 1850
, ............. 0.0 %
................. 12
.............. 4000
* ........................ 0.0 %
* 0.6135
* ................... 1850791.3
* .. 0.6519
* .................... 0.9297
* ..................... 0.6039
* ........................... 60.20418
:
* - .................. 8116.2338 3/
* ........................... 1.5312628 /
|
|
.
................ 800.00 .
................ 600.00 .
:
.... 0.000 %
........ 0.000 %
:
.................... 1.00000