. 13, . r , , I , , . : , , .
. 13.
() .. ()
. U0 =(I) .. (I = 0). , I + I = 0, .. U0 = 1,15 U . 1 (. 13, ). 1 , , . , I = 0b. 2 . 2 1. , 1 . , . . I = 0b I = 0, + I = 0. 3, .. .. . 2 3 4, ..
.. . , . U0=f(I ) .
. U I , , . , 1 2 (. 14). , U , b, I Sr, bc .., , abc ().
, .. I 1 = I . U 0 = de; ( ) U = ae. , da DU = U 0- U I 1 = I .. : . I Sr, : E a =U + I aS r. . 14 be. , .. (be < de), . . c ; .. I 2 < I 1. , fe, I 1 I 2, , .
|
|
. 14.
, :
ab = I aS r (28.7)
I 1 I 2, ,
(28.8)
F qd F ad , ; w. .
'b'' I 3. 'b' (a'b' = ab), , b'' b'' < bc), , , .
. U I. . , .. (I = 0), . r .
. 15, , , I ; . ( ) :
(28.9)
DU = 5¸10%.
. I = f(I) , , , . (n = const).
|
|
I 0, . , , . ( 1 . 15, ). .. , ( 2 . 15, ). , . 3, , .
. 15. () ()
. , .