.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


- , , , , .




, . , - . () . 80 20 .

.

. .

.

 

, (m) . , 1,991*10-26 , .

 

(r) - , 1/12 12 .

m _____

r = 1/12 m 12

1/12 12 (...)

 

... =1/12 m 12=1,66057 *10-27

 

() .. . .

, ...:

 

m (Cl) = 35,5* 1,66057 *10-27 = 5,89 10-23

 

, .

 

, , .

r - , 1/12 12 (12)


m

r = 1/12 m 12

, , .

 

3.1.1

.

 

. , , :

r (Al) = 27, Ar (S) = 32, Ar (O) = 16.

 

:

Mr (Al2 (SO4)3 ) = 2Ar (Al) + 3 Ar(S) + 12Ar (O).

Mr (Al2(SO4)3 ) = 2*27 + 3*32 + 12*16 = 369

 

, - .

, (, , , ), 12 12.

 

12 , , 1,991*10-26 .

 

N =12/ 1,991*10-26 = 6,02*1023 1/ .

n, v ( ) :

n = n\NA (1 )

() . , m n:

M = m\ n (2)

 

/.

, 18 /.

3.1.2

( ) .

 

 

: :

H2SO4 ,

________ 98 /,

: m = M / NA (3)

m (H2SO4) -? m (H2SO4) = 98 / 6,02*1023 = 16*10-23

 

3.1.3

5734. () .

 

: :

Mr = 5734 1.

_____________ Mr=m/1/12 m 12C,

1/12 m 12 = 1,661*10 27

m? 2. :

m = 1,661*10 27* 5734* 103 = 9,5210-21

 

3.1.4

Br2 6,4 .

 

: :

m (Br2) = 6,4 1. ,

160 / (2Ar(Br))

___________ (2):

: n (Br2) = m (Br2) / M (Br2)

n (Br2) -? n (Br2) = 6,4 / 160 = 0, 04

 

2. (1) n = n * NA, n = 0,04 * 6,02 * 1023 = 2,4*1022

(.. , 1748 1756 , . , 1777 .)

, , .

. . .

(.. 1801 .)

 

.

, (IV) ( ). 2 72,72%, 27,27% ( ). , , .

 

( , ) .

 

:

.

, , .

 





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