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2010
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I.
1. ? . ?
) ?, ) , ) , 2 + 1 = 3?, ) , 30 2012 , . , ) 2´2 = 4, ) , , ) , 29 2009 , 21-00 . , ) 3 , ) , 29 2009 , 21-00 , ) , ) p , : p , ) . , IV ., . 4, . 48, , 22 1866 ., 180 , ) , , ) , : , ) , , ) , , .
2. ? . ?
) 2´2 = 4, , , , ) , , ) , , ) 1 I 1 , ) 2 I 1 , , , ) ) 2 I 1 , ) ) 2 I 1 .
3. , ? .
) 2 Î { Î R | 23 32 + 1 = 0}, ) 3 Î { Î R | }, ) {1} Î N, ) Æ Î Æ, ) Æ Î {Æ}, ) {Æ} Î {Æ}, ) Æ = {Æ}, ) 2 = {2}, ) 2 Î {2}, ) e = π, ) 0 < ln 2 < 1, ) sin > 0, ) tg > 0, ) 2 π > 3 e, ) .
4. , : ) x = 0, (x Ù y) = 1; ) a = 1, (a Ú b) = 1; ) x = 1, (x Ú b) = 0; ) u = 0, (u Ú v) = 0; ) a = 1, (b a) = 1; ) b = 1, (b a) = 0; ) = 1, (x y) = 1, ( y) = 1; ) = 0, (a Ú b) = 0, (a Ù b) = 0.
5. , : ) 2´2 = 5, 3´3 = 9, ) 2´2 = 4 3´5 = 16, 3 8 , ) 2´2 = 4, 3´3 = 9, 2´2 = 4, 3´3 = 7, ) 2´2 = 4, 3´3 = 9, 2´2 = 4, 5´5 = 25, ) , 2´2 = 4 3´3 = 8, 3´3 = 12 2´3 = 8.
6. a, b, c, : ) ( Ù b) = 0, (b (aÚ c)) = 0, ( ) = 1; ) (a Ù ) = 0, (a Ù b Ù ) = 0, ( Ù b) = 1; ) (b Ù ) = 0, ( a) = 0, (a b) = 0; ) ( Ù c) = 0, (a Ú )= 1, (a c) = 0; ) ( Ù c) = 0, (a Ú ) = 1, (a c) = 1; ) ( Ù c) = 1, (a Ú ) = 0, (a c) = 0, ) ((a b) a) = 1, b = 0?
7. :
.
1. , ( )?
) (a Ù b) , ) (a ), ) ((a Ú ) Ù (b c)), ) , ) (((aÚ ) Ù (b c)), ) (a ), ) , ) ((a Ù b) ), ) ((a Ù b) Ú a) (( c) (a Ú c))).
2. , :
) a b Ú Ù b c Ú ; ) a Ù (b Ú c) b Ú c; ) (a Ù c Ú b ; ) a Ù c Ú b) ; ) a x Ù .
3. , ( ) :
a) ((a b) c); ) (a Ú (b Ù c)); ) Ú a; ) ((a Ú b) Ù c); ) (a (b c));
) ((( Ù q) r) Ú (y p) Ù q); ) (((x y) ((((x Ù z) Ù x) Ú ) y)) Ú y);
) (x (( Ú (q Ù r))(s (s x))); ) (((x Ú (y Ù z)) (x Ù y)) ((r Ú y) Ù r)).
4. ( ) , :
) a Ù b c; ) a ; ) x y Ù Ú z; ) Ú x Ú p q;
) Ú r Ù x; ) x Ú y Ù z Ù x Ú z; ) Ú r Ù q Ú r; ) a Ù b x Ú .
5. ( ) y2 y3, y1 y2 Ù y3, y1 Ù y2 Ù y3 Ù y4, x1 y1 Ù x2 y2, ? y2×y3, y1×y2×y3, y1×y2×y3×y4, x1×y1×x2×y2 ?
6. y1 Ù y2 Ù Ù yn, ? x1 y1 Ù x2 y2 Ù Ù xn yn?
7. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8? , ?
8. n ) n = 1, ) n = 2, ) n = 3, ) n = 4. .
9. n ?
10. n . ? ) n = 1, ) n = 2, ) n = 3, ) n = 4. n ?