16. ,
:
Useful mineral; to drive mine workings; exploratory and productive mine workings; barren (waste) rock; It Is necessary; to contribute to; both... and; a number of; the output
1.
.
2.
, .
3.
,
, .
4.
.
17. :
1. Generally speaking mining is a branch of industry. It deals
with....
2. Mechanization and automation have come into use under
ground. The miners realize that the increased use of mining ma
chinery will....
3. Many factors affect the choice of the mining method. In case
the deposit....
4. It should be noticed that mine workings may have different
functions. Let us consider, for example, productive workings
which....
5. As for the classification of mine workings one should take
into consideration the factors....
6. If we have to describe underground workings, we shall divide
them into....
UnitS
, , .
1. Mining as the industrial process, (includes, is called, the
tendency has been towards, are characterized, has contributed to)
2. Underground and open-cast mining, (can be done, governs, af
fects, may be economically excavated by, it can be worked by)
3. The type of mine workings, their main functions and classi
fication, (are driven, mine workings vary in...)
1. to be to have
to be
, , :
There are no easy answers.
( ) .
The pump is in the machine house near the colliery.
( ) () .
, , ..:
The pump Is to be Installed at the surface.
.
Each participant was to pay his own expenses.
- .
1.
)
Continuous (
Participle I):
The pump to working at the rate of 50 gallons per minute.
SO .
)
(Passive Voice)
Participle II:
The pump was Installed at the surface.
.
2.
,
..:
The pump Is powerful. .
|
|
|
Mary's upstairs. .
Unit 8
to have
| CaMOi | ||
| , | - | |
| : | Perfect ( Parti- | |
| They have (got) two | , - | ciple II): |
| children. | : | They have not installed |
| The pump had to be | the pump yet. | |
| (, ). | installed at the surface. | - |
| The pump has a 40 h.p. | - | . |
| drive. | - | |
| 40 | . | |
| .. |
,
(,
).
, -
.,
1) (
):
No folds were noticed -
in the exposed rocks. -
.
2) (
):
Old mines had no powered
supports. .
3) - (
):
The students did not take
the examinations in -
mining last year. .
, , . :
has never told anybody
, ( ) about it. ( )
Unit 8
19. ) :
[i] dip, 'dipping, give, 'given, 'pillar, 'minimum
[i:] steep, seam, ex'ceed, reach, these, ma'chine, 'sequence
[o] 'composite, de'posit, 'monitor, long, pre'dominate
[o:] short, all, wall, hy'draulic, trans'port
[u:] room, re'move, im'prove, improvement
[ju:] use, used, re'duced, pro'duced
[ai] right, wide, 'widely, 'primary, ho'rizon
[se] 'rational, 'maximum, 'factor
) :
Australia [o:s'tredja], Canada ['kaenadd], France [fra:ns], India ['India], Ruhr [ru:r], Germany ['d
| 1-2 , ; syn continuous mining; ~ advancing on the strike ; ; ~ advancing to the rise ; ~ to the dip ; ~ retreat-Ing ; lose[lu:z] (lost) v ; loss , notwithstanding[.notwie'sUcndlg] prep ; ['pila] ; ; shaft~ ; ~ method ; ~ mining predominate[prt'domineit] v , ; ; , protect[pra'tekt] v , |
20.
.
|
|
|
advantage [ad'vantidj] n ; ; ; ; advantageous [,edvan-'teidsas] ; , ; to take advantage of smth -.
caving ['keivig] n ();
deliver [di'liva] v , ; ; ; (); ()
entry ['entrij n ; ; ! ; ;
giant ['dsaisnt] n
gravity ['gneviti] n ; , ; by ~ ,
haul [ho:l] v ; ; ; ; haulage [':] ; ; ( )
longwall ['lonwDil] n ; ; , -
200______________________________________________ Unit 8
reach [ri:tfl v , - satisfy ['setisfai] v ()
; , - shield (Ji:ld] n ; ~ method -
, -
[:] ;
; room-and-pillar method stowing ['stouty] (-
- - )
method of working
the sequence of working the seams
21. ,
, :
create creation creative creator
consider considerable consideration
deliver delivering delivery deliverer
exist existing existence
level sublevel
improve improved improvement
protect protective protection
produce production productive productivity product
thick thickness
satisfy satisfaction satisfactory
22. ˻-:
disable, disadvantage, disagree, disapprove, disclose, disconnect, discover
23. :
methods of working considerable number of mining
development work methods
minimum losses of mineral production faces
gently sloping seams to take advantage of (smth)
to be rich in (smth) to satisfy the requirements
main advantages and ore caving
disadvantages of (smth) mechanized stowing
in any particular conditions continuous mining
room-and-pillar mining additional haulage
coal getting (coal winning) the choice of the method of mining
the sequence of operations
24.
:
mining machines; maximum production cost; minimum losses of mineral; characteristic features of continuous mining; the use of combines and conveyers; the difficulty of ventilation; hydraulic mining; the most economic and advantageous methods of coal getting; to win coal by monitors; a rational method of working
Unit 8
