, , , . .
- , , :
- ( );
- ( );
- , ( , ) ..
. 8.1-
, . , ' .
, .8.2. , - , . .
. 8.2 -
:
1 , .
2. , , , . , .
3. ³ .
4. (q).
.8.3. , , , , q.
. 8.3 -
, , , .
|
|
' , . - , .
.
, . . : , .
, .
= | + | (8.1) |
, , .
(D) (q). , D / q. ,
= | × | ʳ | = ×(D / q) | (8.2) |
:
- ;
h - ;
- .
, . (q / 2).
(h) , . h , , , .
= | × | = h ×(q/2) | (8.3) |
, () :
= (D / q) + h × (q/2). (8.4)
, . . 8.4 , , - , .
. 8.4 - ,
, , . () .
|
|
.
:
= (D / q) + h × (q/2). (8.4)
, :
d/d q = 0 d2 / d q2 > 0
d/d q = - D/ q2 + h/2,
d2/d2 q = - 2D/ q3 + O > 0, q> 0.
, d/d q = 0,
- D/ q2 + h/2 = 0,
D/ q2 = h/2
q 2 = 2 D/ h
q = . (8.5)
, , q = .
(, Q ӳ) , .
. , 4000 500 . . h = 600 ., = 1200 . . 8.1.
8.1 -
, . | ||||||
120 * | ||||||
. | _25 4 ~78 | |||||
ʳ | . | 33,3 | 28,6 | |||
г | .. | |||||
г | .. | 34,3 | ||||
.. | 76* | 76,3 |
, , 120 , 76 ..
(8.5):
q = = =126,5 .
, . , .
г
. L , L × (D/52) , . , , L × (D/52) . , . D / q , , :
1 / D / q = q / D .
, (q / D) (.8.5).
. 8.5 - г
, :
= 1200 × 4000: 126,5 + 600 × 126,5: 2 = = 37944,66 + 37950 = =75894,66.
(. 8.4), , ( ). , 120 , :
= 1200 ×4000: 120 + 600×120: 2 = 76000 .
.
|
|
, 120 / 4000. 365, :
(120×365)/ 4000 = 10.95 11 .
, , .
, , , . , , , .
. , (8.2), :
= | + | г | (8.6) |
s , Ds - ,
= s (Ds / q) + h × (q/2). (8.7)
q - 㳺 ,
q = . (8.8)
(Q). . 8.6.
. 8.6 -
, . 500 . 12500 . 200 ., - 1,5 .
, .
(8.8)
q = = .
1800 .
:
12500: 1820 = 6,97,
1800 × 52 / 12500 = 7,5 ,
500 1800 / 500 = 3,6 .
.
. , . .
() :
= (D / q) + h × (q/2) + D. (8.9)
, (D) . (Q) (. 9.3).
, , q , , ,. . q q0. ,
|
|
, . .
. ϳ D = 4000 = 500 . h = 600 ., = 1200 . Q = 126,5 = 75894,66 .
4%, 200 - 499 6%, 500 (.9.2).
, . , , , .
() :
1 = 37944,66 + 37950 + 2000000 = 2075894.66.
8.2 -
, % | ֳֳ , . | |
0-199 | ||
200 - 499 | ||
500 |
, 200 . :
2= (D / q1) + h × (q1/2) + 1D = (1200 ×4000): 200 + (600 × 200): 2 + 480 × 4000 = 24000 + 60000 + 1920000 = 2004000 .
:
= (1200 ×4000): 500 + (600 ×500): 2 + 470 × 4000 = 2039600 .
. 8.3. :
8.3 -
ֳ , . | , . | ̳ , . |
126.5 | 2075894.66 | |
, , . ( 200 ), .
, . , . . , , , [33].
, - , , :
= | г | г | (8.10) |
, , , 1/. q, D - q/, q = D . , q /2 = D /2. ,
= (1 / ) + h × (D /2). (8.11)
̳ ,
d/d = 0 d2/d 2> 0
d/d = - /2 + h D/ 2,
d2/d 2 = 2/3 >0, >0.
d/d =0, - /2 + h D/ 2=0,
= . (8.12)
ϳ , , . , , , = 4,2 , , .
, . , , , 100 , . , 35, 65, 43, 57 .
|
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, , . г , , .
8.12. , , , , .
:
= . (8.13)
, , .
, . . , -. , .
. , . , , - , , . , , . , ' . , , , . , , , .
-
' - , , , . , , . ' .
³ () :
- ˲, , . , , . ˲ ( ), . ;
- Բ, , , . Բ , ( ) , () . ' , ( , , );
- . , , , , , .
- , , 㳿 , .
. () ()
= ________ (8.14)
:
360
=--------------------------------- (8.15)
, () .
( ) .
, , 䳺 .
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. , ' - ?
5. .
6. .
7.
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. .
12. .
˳ 1,5,6,10,13,18, 33.