.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


(total utility, TU)




. (120)

() (common

Property) (),

,

, ()

. (422)

(general equilibrium) ,

,

(353)

(total costs, TC)

-

,

. (198)

(common resources) ,

, ,

^ (185)

(normal good) ,

,

-

( ). (137)

(risk pooling) ,

,

. (392)

543

( . "")

, ,

(387)

(expected value)

. (387)

(oligopoly) ,

,

,

. (224, 249)

(opportunist behavior)

,

. (422)

, (option)

(),

-

(). (399)

. (387)

, ,

(relational contracting) ,

.

(184)

(negative

Externality) , ,

.

,

. .

. (424)

(paradox of voting) ,

,

. (460)

- ,

- (Pareto-optimality)

, -

( )

. (361)

-

(Pareto-optimal resource allocation) ,

,

(365)

(partnership) ,

,





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