, . . . , ( , , , .).
, .
. . , . . . . , .
.
, , . , . 2.5 , v 1 p1, v2.
1 2 2, v2 1 2, . 1 2, , . , , .
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) , v , s;
4) l q , ∆u, ∆h, ∆s.
, . : v = const. 1 2: ; .
v1 = v2, v = const:
p2 / p1 = T2 / T1, (2.27)
. . .
,v- , (. 2.6). , , , . : dl = pdv v = const, dv = 0,
dl = 0.