( ). , . .
He asked him where she lived.
.
1. , , , .
I am very sorry.
She says she is very sorry.
2. , , , - .
Sequence of Tenses
- - .
| Direct Speech | Reported speech |
| Present Indefinite | Past Indefinite |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect |
| Past Indefinite | Past Perfect |
| Future Indefinite | Future Indefinite in the Past |
| Can, may | Could, might |
| Should, might, must | Should, might, must / had to |
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| 1. You dance so well. 2. The mouse has stolen the cheese. 3. I made it yesterday. 4. I shall study better. | 1. He said I danced so well. 2. She told me that the mouse had stolen the cheese. 3. He told me that he had made it the day before. 4. He said he would better. |
3. , .
4. Direct Speech Reported Speech, .
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| This These Here Now Today This week Yesterday Last (week, night) Two days ago Tomorrow | That Those There Then On that day That week The day before The previous (week, night) Two days before The next day, the following day |
5. (Direct Question), (Indirect Question), , if whether, (), when, why, where, what, who, which . ., . .
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| 1. The English children asked us: Do you like sports. 2. My friend asked me: Where did you spend your holidays? | 1. The English children asked us if (whether) we liked sport. 2. My friend asked me where I had spent my holidays. |
6. , - (Imperative Mood), , .
|
|
|
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| 1. The teacher said to the pupil, Go to the blackboard. 2. Mother said to me: Sweep the floor, please. 3. She said to me, If I were you Id see a doctor 4. He said to me, Ill lend you some money. | 1. The teacher told the pupil to go to the blackboard. 2. Mother asked me to sweep the floor. 3. She advised me to see a doctor. 4. He offered to lend me some money. |
7. not .
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| 1. We asked, Mother, dont be angry with us. 2. She said, Dont smoke, please. | 1. We asked mother not to be angry. 2. She asked me not to smoke. |
8. - Yes No :
Yes: to agree, to consent (, , ), to answer in the affirmative.
No: to reject ()? To refuse (), to deny (, ), to answer in the negative.
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
| 1. He said, Yes, I shall do it. 2. She answered, No, I havent been there. 3. She said, No, I wont help you. | 1. He agreed to do it. He answered in the affirmative. 2. She denied that she had been there. 3. She refused to help me. |
58
.
| He said | 1. I know her. 2. I was at school yesterday. 3. I will go to Spain next Sunday. 4. I will type the letter. 5. I saw him last week. 6. Im going to study math. 7. I was having a shower when he came home. 8. I have seen this film twice. 9. I have been working here for ten years. 10. I am having dinner now. |
59
.
1. He asked, Bring me some water, please! 2. He said to me, I will help you to prepare for your exam. 3. She said, We are having a party next week. 4. She said, Send this letter immediately. 5. They asked, Where is the bus stop? 6. He asked, What time is it? 7. They said, We dont know this man. 8. He asked, Do you like music? 9. She said, Im not interested in sport. 10. He asked, What are you going to do after work? 11. She said, Dont smoke here. 12. He said, Close the window, please. 13. They said, Dont turn on the radio. 14. He asked, Can you speak German?
60
.
| Mike 1.Where were you on holiday last month? 2.Did you go alone? 3.Did you take children with you? 4.How old are they? 5.Did you like there? 6.Was the hotel expensive? 7.Was the food tasty? 8.What did you do there? 9.Do you want to go there again? | Olga In Spain. No, I went with my family. Yes, I did. My son is 10, and my daughter is 5. Yes, We liked it very much. No, it wasnt. It was delicious. We swam, sunbathed and went sightseeing. Yes, we are going there next summer again. |
Passive voice
: The Active Voice The Passive Voice .
, , , .
|
|
|
I read the book.
, , , - .
The book was read.
