1960- . . . . , , ,
1916 . . ( , 1937), ( , 1938 . , 1941). , , . . 1963 . . . , . . , , , (, . .). , , . , .
. 120 .
- 1. . (R. Glaser, 1963). , , - . , , , , , . . . , - , , . - (. , ).
. . (1966) , 1980- . (Researsh with the Locus of Control Construct 3 ., 1981-1984). , , . (The Personality Research Form, PRF), 1967 . . , -
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1930 . . - (1952), (1953). (1956). . . . , -. . . , XX .
, ; , 440 , 330 ! , , (The Inventory of PsychosocialBalance, 1963). , , , : , -- , .
. , -. , 45 -. . . . , , , . , 1964 . 3855 ! , , , .
1960- . , . , , , . , , , , . , , . , . , , .
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. , , . - .
, 1960- . ( 1960-). , . . , , . (Standards for Educational Psychological Testing, 1966) , .
1961 . . Tests in Print, , , , .
1960- . , (Jensen, 1969) ? (How much can we boost IQ and scholastic achievement), , , , 80 % . , . . , . , , , .
1.3.7. 1970- .
1970- . , , . , : , , , . ,
1960- . (), , .
, -. . , , . , , , . , .
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, : ... ... , ( , American Psichologist, 1975).
, . , 1974 . (WISC-R). , , . , - . 1971 . , . , , G- , . , , , , . , , , -
1883 . . (1907), (1909) (1923) . . . ( 1924-1931 ., 1931-1950 .). , , , , . , . 1951 ., 1971 .
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, 80 % . (The Structure and Measurement of Intelligenc, 1979), , , /Q. .
, , , IQ, . /Q (The Science and Politics of IQ, 1974). , , . , , , . : , , , - . , , , "". . . (Kamin, 1974, . 67).
, , . , , , . .
, . , , -
, 50 : , , .
, 1970- ., . (1972) . (1977). , . (1978) 28 .
, . . , , , , . 1970- 1980- . , (DSMIII, DSM-IV).
, , - , - . , (Holt, 1971), , , , , , .
(, 1976). , . 1970- . . , .
1970- . . . , , , . , , 1. , , .
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. , 1959 . 44 % , 24 % 1976 . . .
1974 . (International Association of Applied Psychology, IAAP) (International Test Commission, ITC), 15 ( 23 , ). ITC. , 1976 1978 .
1970- ., - , , . (. ).
1970 . - , (Personality Test and Reviews I), Tests in Print II. (1975). 1970 . 1975 . , , ( ) .
1970- ., (1974). , , .
1.3.8. 1980- .
1940- . , , . American Psychologist ( 1981) , , , .
. , - , . , .
. , : MMPI, WAIS, - , , WISC, , , . 1935 1982 . .
1
2
- 3
4
5
6
7
8
-- 9
10
11
12
() - (). 15 , . , . , , , /Q. . , , ().
? , 20- (Spruill, 1987). - , , , 16, 15. , . - , /Q-. , , , , , , .
. WAIS (WAIS-R, 1981). Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-R) 1989 . 1700
3 7 3 , , , .
, . {Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, 1983) . , . , , .
1980- ., , , 1982 1989 . {Advances in The Psychology of Human Intelligence). , , , , , , , , , . , , , , , . . {Human Intelligence International Newsletter, 1980-1987), , . : , {Ability Testing: Uses, Consequences, and Controversies, 1982). , . , .