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1. 1. .
2. 2. .
3. 3. .
1. MATLAB System SIMULINK.
1
: ().
, n-:
a n∙ y (n) + a (n-1)∙ y (n-1) + + a 1∙ y (1) + a 0∙ y = b m∙ x (m) + b (m-1)∙ x (m-1) + + b 1∙ x (1) + b 0∙ x,
a 0, b 0, , a n, b n ;
y ( );
() ;
y (i) = di y (t) / d t i i - , (i = 1, , n);
x j = dj x (t) / d t j j- x (j = 1, , m).
, , , , :
1) 2∙ (2) + 1∙ (1) = b 0∙ x;
2) a 3∙ y (3) + 2∙ (2) = b 0∙ x.
:
1) 22∙ (2) + 1∙ (1) = ∙ x;
2) 33∙ y (3) + 22∙ (2) = ∙ x,
= b 0 ;
33 = 3, 22 = 2, 1 = 1 , .
d/d t :
1) 22∙ 2∙ + 1∙ ∙ = [( 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ]∙ = ∙ x;
2) 33∙ 3∙ + 22∙ 2∙ = [( 3∙ )3 + ( 2∙ )2]∙ = ∙ x.
x W (p) :
1) W (p) = y / x = / [( 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ];
2) W (p) = y / x = / [( 3∙ )3 + ( 2∙ )2].
W (p) :
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, ;
, .
.
h (t) , x (t) = 1(t): y (t) = h (t)∙1(t) = h (t).
g (t) ( ) , x (t) = δ (t) = 1′(t), , .. , 1:
y (t) = g (t)∙ δ (t) = g (t)∙1′(t)
. , h (t) g (t):
g (t) = d h (t)/d t; h (t) = ∫ g (t) ∙ d t.
L [ g (t)], .. , W (p):
1) L [ g (t)] = W (p) = K / [(T 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ];
2) L [ g (t)] = W (p) = / [( 3∙ )3 + ( 2∙ )2].
L -1[ W (p)] g (t), , W (p) , :
1) ;
2) .
, :
1) ;
2) .
, , , , ..:
1) ;
2) .
:
1) = ∙ 1; 0 = ∙ 22 + ;
2) = ∙ 22; 0 = ∙ 22 + ∙ 33; 0 = ∙ 33 + .
(1) (2), :
1) = / 1; = - ∙ 22 = - ∙ 22 / 1;
2) = / 22; = - ∙ 33 / 22 = - ∙ 33 / ( 22)2;
= - ∙ 33 = ∙( 33 / 22)2.
, , :
1) =
= ;
2) =
= = .
:
.
1) 2) , :
1) g (t) = ; 2) g (t) = .
h (t) g (t), g (t), L [ h (t)] h (t), . ( L [ g (t)] ) , 1. W (p) = / [( 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ]:
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L [ h (t)] = W (p)∙ = .
, :
L [ h (t)] = = .
, :
.
:
L -1(1/ p) = 1; L -1(1/ p 2) = t; L -1[(T 1 / T 22) / (p + T 1 / T 22)] = [(T 1 / T 22)∙ .
, :
h (t) = + + ∙ = .
.
:
- - ;
- ;
;
;
.
W (jω), W (p) p jω. W (jω) [ M (ω), N (ω)] (ω) φ(ω), :
W (jω) = N (ω) + jM (ω) = (ω)∙ jφ(ω ). (1)
: (ω) , W (jω) ω;
φ (ω) , W (jω) ω;
N (ω) = (ω)∙ cosφ (ω) W (jω) ;
M (ω) = (ω)∙ sinφ (ω) W (jω) ;
ω W (jω) , .
W (p) = / [( 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ], :
W (p) = / [( 2∙ )2 + 1∙ ] = 1 / [(T∙p + 1)∙ p ],
1 = / 1; = ( 2)2 / 1.
jω, :
W (jω) = 1 / [(jωT + 1)∙ jω ] = =
= . (2)
(2) (ω) φ (ω) , N (ω) (ω) :
(ω) = ; φ (ω) = - [90o + arctg (ω∙T)];
N (ω) = ; (ω) = . (3)
φ (ω) : φ (ω) = arctg [ (ω) / N (ω)] = -[180o - arctg (1/ ω∙T)].
1
1. , g (t) h (t) , : .
2. MATLAB . 1 g (t) h (t).
3. 1: , .
4. . 3 .
5. , . 1, .
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: 1 ;
2 .
6. .
1
1 | 0,5 | 0,2 | 0,1 | 0,4 | |||||||
1 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,6 | 0,7 | 0,8 | 0,9 | 0,05 | |
2 | 0,8 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,5 |
1
1. .
2. . 1 , , :
, = 1∙ 2, = 1.
3. 2 MATLAB, MATLAB :
1) W (p) tf (transfer function), . , W (p) = 10 / (2 ∙ p 2 + 0,5∙ p) : >> sys = tf ([10], [2 0.5 0]).
Enter
,
s , .
g (t) impulse:
>> impulse (sys); grid,
grid .
Enter g (t) , . 1.
. 1 g (t) ,
g (t), , Word .
h (t) step:
>> step (sys); grid.
Enter h (t) , . 2.
. 2 h (t) ,
h (t), , Word.
4. , 3 , Word, .
5. 3 4 , .
6. , :
- ;
- ;
- g (t) h (t) , t = T 1, 2 T 1 3 T 1;
- , ω = 0 1 / 1;
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