| clean | cleaner | cleanest |
| new | newer | newest |
| cheap | cheaper | cheapest |
2) adjectives with two syllables and the following endings:
Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -y
| dirty | dirtier | dirtiest |
| easy | easier | easiest |
| happy | happier | happiest |
| pretty | prettier | prettiest |
Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -er
| clever | cleverer | cleverest |
Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -le
| simple | simpler | simplest |
Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -ow
| narrow | narrower | narrowest |
Spelling of the adjectives using the endings -er/-est
| large | larger | largest | leave out the silent -e |
| big | bigger | biggest | Double the consonant after short vowel |
| sad | sadder | saddest | |
| dirty | dirtier | dirtiest | Change -y to -i (consonant before -y) |
| shy | shyer | shyest | Here -y is not changed to -i. (although consonant before -y) |
B - Comparison with more - most
difficult - more difficult - (the) most difficult
all adjectives with more than one syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables - see
2 - 1 to 2 - 4)
C - Irregular adjectives
| good | better | best | |
| bad | worse | worst | |
| much | more | most | uncountable nouns |
| many | more | most | countable nouns |
| little | less | least | |
| little | smaller | smallest |
D - Special adjectives
Some ajdectives have two possible forms of comparison.
| common | commoner / more common | commonest / most common |
| likely | likelier / more likely | likeliest / most likely |
| pleasant | pleasanter / more pleasant | pleasantest / most pleasant |
| polite | politer / more polite | politest / most polite |
| simple | simpler / more simple | simplest / most simple |
| stupid | stupider / more stupid | stupidest / most stupid |
| subtle | subtler / more subtle | subtlest / most subtle |
| sure | surer / more sure | surest / most sure |
Difference in meaning with adjectives:
| far | farther | farthest | distance |
| further | furthest | distance or time | |
| late | later | latest | |
| latter | x | ||
| x | last | ||
| old | older | oldest | people and things |
| elder | eldest | people (family) | |
| near | nearer | nearest | distance |
| x | next | order |
| Fill in the missing words into the gaps. Mind the first two words in each task. | ||||||||||
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Adverbs tell us in what way someone does something. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
Adjectives tell us something about a person or a thing. Adjectives can modify nouns or pronouns.
| Adjective | Adverb |
| Mandy is a careful girl. | Mandy drives carefully. |
| Mandy is very careful. |
Mandy is a careful driver. This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective.
Mandy drives carefully. This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb.
Form
Adjective + -ly
| Adjective | Adverb |
| dangerous | dangerously |
| careful | carefully |
| nice | nicely |
| easy | easily |
| horrible | horribly |
| electronic | electronically |
| irregular forms | |
| good | well |
| fast | fast |
| hard | hard |
If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly.
Example: terrib le - terrib ly
If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly.
Example: saf e - saf ely
Tip: Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs.
adjectives ending in -ly: friendly, silly, lonely, ugly
nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy
verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply
There is no adverb for an adjective ending in -ly.
Types of adverbs
1) Adverbs of manner
quickly
kindly
2) Adverbs of degree
very
rather
3) Adverbs of frequency
often
sometimes
4) Adverbs of time
now
today
5) Adverbs of place
here
nowhere
| Rewrite each sentence with the adverb of frequency (in brackets) in its correct position. Example: I play tennis on Sundays. (often). Answer: I often play tennis on Sundays. | ||||||||||
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