:
1. η . . , .
(1.1)
i* i* - , , /. G u - , G u.
, , 0,97 - 0,98 , 0,98 - 1,0 .
2. , V , , Qvp. :
, (1.2)
Qvp = /3; G , /; , ; cp ( ).
:
G = (p/RT)V F
V = F ℓ
(1.2)
β = G/G; Qvp = 3600(βcpcp/R)τ(λ)V/ℓ (β */* -1) (1.3)
(1.3) , , V, F ℓ. 1.
1
QVp, /3 | *, | α | |
200 - 600 | 1000 - 1500 | ≈1,05 | |
1000 - 1300 | 900 - 1200 | 4,0 - 6,0 | |
1400 - 1600 | 1000 - 1100 | 4,0 - 5,0 | |
1600 - 6000 | 1300 -1450 | 3,0 - 5,0 | |
6000 - 10000 | 1,0 - 2,5 |
3. .
, .
:
|
|
ξ = p* p*/(ρw2)/2, (1.4)
, , :
σ = */* = * - ∆*./* (1.5)
σ ξ . , :
σ = 1-k/2 ξ M2 π(λ) (1.6)
(Re ≥ 2300) , ( ). σ . () σ . ξ = 5 - 40.
4. , . * , ( , , ). , , . 30 - 50.
, . , . , , . . 2/3 ÷ 3/4 .
. . .
, , .
:
δ = (*max T*min/T*)100% (1.7)
, , , , , .
5. . , , , .
|
|
6. . . . . . , . , , , . , ..
. 1.7.
.
:
- - ;
- , , .
7. .
1
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .