, , : . , , , , , , , .
. , , , . . , ( 70- ), , . 70-: , ? , , ?
, . . , , , , , .
, , , , . ,
29
¯ 30 ¯
( ) - , ? . , , .
. , 60- 1. , , , , .
. , , , . , .
|
|
, . , 20- 30- , . , , .
. ,
1 , 30- -. ; (). , , . . .
30
¯ 31 ¯
, . , .
. - (The History of Management Thought) . 5000 . , , , 50- , .
1
. . | [Sumerians] | ; |
[Egyptians] | , | |
[Egyptians] | . | |
[Egyptians] | ||
[Egyptians] | . | |
[Hammurabi] | ; ; | |
[Egyptians] | ||
[Hebrews] | , , | |
[Chinese] | , , | |
[Nebuchadnezzar] | ||
[Mencius] [Chinese] - [Sun Tzu] | , |
31
¯ 32 ¯
[Socrates] | ||
[Xenophon] [Cyrus] | , , | |
[Greeks] [Plato] | . | |
[Alexander the Great] | ||
[Cato] | ||
[Varro] | ||
20 . . | [Jesus Christ] | . . |
[Diocletian] | ||
[Alfarabi] | ||
[Ghazali] | ||
. () [L. Paccili (Genoese)] | ||
[Francisko Di Marco] | ||
[Soranzo Brothers] | ||
[Barbarigo] | ; | |
[Arsenal of Venece Venetians] | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; | |
[Sir Thomas More] | ; |
32
|
|
¯ 33 ¯
[Niccolo Machiavelli] | ; ; | |
[Sir James Sfeuart] | ; | |
[Adam Smith] | ; ; | |
[Thomas Jefferson] | ||
[Eli Whitney] | ; ; ; ; | |
[James Watt] , [Matthew Boulton Soho, England] | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; | |
-, [Robert Owen New Lanark, Scotland] | ; ; | |
[James Mill] | ||
[Charles Babbage] | ; ; ; ; ; | |
, . [Marshall, Laughlin, et al.] | ||
. [Mill, et al.] | ; ; ; ; | |
[Henry Poor] | , |
|
|
33
¯ 34 ¯
. [Daniel . McCallum] | . | |
. . [W. S. Jevons] | ; ; | |
[Joseph Wharton] | ||
. [Henry . Metcalfe] . [Henry R. Towne] | ; | |
[Frederick Halsey] | ||
. [Frederick W. aylor] . [Frank . Gilbreth] | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; , , , . | |
. [Henry L. Ganft] | ; ; ; | |
[Hugo Munsterberg] [Hamngton Emerson] | ; | |
. [Harlow S. Person] | ; |
34
¯ 35 ¯
. . [J. . Duncan] | ||
X. . [. . Drury] . . [R. F. Hoxie] . . [F. W. Harris] . [Tzomas A. Edison] | ||
[Henri Fayol] . [Alexander . Church] . . [. . Erlang] | ; ; ; ; , | |
. . [W. . Leffingweli] | ||
. . [. . Parsons] [Ordway lead] | ||
. [Morris L. Cooke] | ||
. [Walter D. Scott] | ||
[Oliver Sheldon] | ; | |
. . [. F. Dodge] . . [. G, Romig] . . [W. A. Shewhart] | ||
. [Ronald A. Fisher] | , , | |
[Elton Mayo] | ||
. . [. . ] | ||
. | , |
|
|
35
¯ 36 ¯
[Mary P. Follett] | . | |
. [James D. Moony] | ||
[Chester Barnard] | ; ; | |
. . . . [. . S. Blackett, et al.] | ||
[Lyndall Urwick] | ||
[Max Weber] [Rensis Likert] [Chris Argyris] | , ; | |
[Norbert Wiener] [Claude Shannon] | ||
[Frank Abrams] . [Benjamin . Seleckman] | ||
[Herbert Simon] . [Harold J. Lewitt] [Robert Schlaifer] | , , ; | |
[Douglas McGregor] | , . X , Y | |
[Igor Ansoff] | . |
36
¯ 37 ¯
[Fred Fiedler] | , | ||
[James Thompson] ' [Jay Galbraith] . [P. Lawrence] . [J. Lorsche] | , , | ||
[Karl Weick] | |||
[William Ouchi] [Oliver Williamson] | . | ||
[Henry Mintzberg] | - | ||
[Gerald Salancik] | |||
[Geoffrey Pfeffer] [Michael Crousier] | |||
[Rosemary Stewart] | |||
[Michael Porter] | , , , | ||
[John Kotter] [John Gabarro] | . | ||
[Terence Deal] [Alan Kennedy] | , | ||
[Tom Peters] | , |
|
|
37
¯ 38 ¯
. , , , .
. , , .
, , . , - . , . , . , , .
, , ,
38
¯ 39 ¯
: , , -. , , , .
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) .
, , . y , .
, , .
, , .
- , : .
. . , , : .
, . ,
39
¯ 40 ¯
, , , - .
, . , , , , . , .
. : , , . , . , , , , .
. - , . .
, . , 80 % : , . , -
40
¯ 41 ¯
, , .
, . , , , , . , , , .