| ω , % | ( ) |
| N | 0.04 | (φ = 78,2%); 䒺 ; NaNO3 ( ); KNO3 ( ) |
| P | 8*102 | Ca3(PO4)2 (); Ca3(PO4)3(OH) (); Ca5(PO4)3F () |
| As | 5*104 | As2S3 (); As4S4 (); FeAsS (, ); As2O3 () |
| Sb | 5*10-5 | Sb2S3 (, ); Sb2O3 () |
| Bi | 2*105 | Bi2S3 (, ); ; Bi2O3 (, ); Bi2TeS ( , ); (BiO)2CO3 () |
65
Ͳ Ҳ
| N | P | As | Sb | Bi | |
| (% ) | 14(99,635) 15(0,365) | 31(100) | 75(100) | 121(57,25) 123(42,75) | (100) |
| , | 14,5352 | 10,4867 | 9,815 | 8,64 | 7,29 |
| , | 0,21 | 0,8 | 1,07 | 0,94 | 0,95 |
| 3,07 | 2,10 | 2,20 | 1,82 | 1,67 | |
| 3; 2; 1; +1; +2; +3; +4;+5 | 3; +1; +3; +4; +5 | 3; +3;+5 | 3; +3;+5 | 3; +3;+5 |
40
Ͳ Բ-ղ̲Ͳ Ҳ
| N | P | As | Sb | Bi | |
| , | (. . . ) | 1) ; 2) ; 3) | 1) ( ); 2) ( ), | ³ ( -) | |
| , | : 1) ; 2) ; 3) | , - | |||
| - | |||||
| 1) ; 2), 3) | |||||
| N2 | P4 | As4 | Sb4 | Bi2 | |
| , ρ, /3 (293 ) | 1,2506 | 1,82 (P4) 2,20(P) 2,69(P) | 1) 5,78 | 1) 6,691 | 1) 9,747 |
| , 0 | 209,71 | 1) 44,3 2) 410 ( ) | 817 ( ) | 630,89 | 271,5 |
| , 0 | 195,6 | 1) 280 | 616 () |
ղ̲Ͳ Ҳ Ҳ V-
66
ֲ
| , | ||
| , t | → 3; → 23; d- → xEy | |
| H2, t | N2 → NH3 | |
| Hal, t | N → NF3; P → PHal3, PHal5 (PI5); As, Sb, Bi → EHal3, EHal5, SbCl5 | |
| O2, t | N → NO (t ≥12000C); P → P4O6, P4O10 | |
| S, t | N → ; P → P4S3; P4S5; P4S7; P4S10; As → As4S3; As4S4; As2S3; As2S5 | |
| N2, t | P → P3N5 () | |
| P, t | N → P3N5 (); As → ; Sb, Bi → | |
| C, t | N → C2N2 (t ≥300040000C); P → C3P (t ≥20000C); As, Sb, Bi → |
|
|
|
67
ֲ ²
| , | ||
| H2O, () | P → PH3 + H3PO2 | |
| HF() | ||
| HCl () | ||
| H2SO4() | P → ; As → HAsO2; Sb, Bi → E2(SO4)3 | |
| H2SO4() | ||
| HNO3() | P, As → H3EO4; Sb → Sb2O5; Bi → | |
| HNO3() | P → ; As → H3AsO4; Sb → Sb2O5; Bi → Bi(NO3)3 | |
| NaOH, (, ) | P → PH3 + NaH2PO4; As → Na3AsO3; Sb, Bi → |
68
ò ֲ IJ
Ҳ V-
|
| |
| N | 1) . 2) N2 . 3) N3 , . |
| P | 1) , . 2) ̳ . 3) . 4) , . 5) 1,5 . 6) , 0,1 0,15 . 7) , , , . 8) 3 . |
| As | 1) . 2) , , , As3+. |
| Sb | 1) . 2) . |
| Bi | 1) ³ , , . 2) . |
V-
69
