Diagram to see how to make this long vowel sound.
The tongue is in the back part of the mouth. The back of the tongue is raised high in the direction of the soft palate. The soft palate is raised. The tip of the tongue is retracted from the lower teeth. /u:/ is more retracted and close than the English /u/, the distance between the jaws is narrower. The lips are rounded but not protruded, the opening between the lips is smaller and the degree of rounding is greater than for /u/.
IV. Read these examples of the sound /u:/.
| fool | shoes | soup | true | moon | do |
| rude | shoot | crew | group | rule | root |
| boot | new | to | drew | truth | tool |
| shoe | lose | who | rouble | threw | move |
| route | pool | solution | groove | prove | fool |
V. Listen to the sounds / υ / and / u: / in contrast and repeat.
look-Luke
pull-pool
full-fool
foot-boot
VI. Read the contrasted sounds / υ / and / u: /. Transcribe the words.
should shoed foot - food
could cooed full - fool
would wood took - two
look Luke book - boot
pull pool who - hook
VII. Read the following sentences. Mind the right articulation of the sounds / u: / and / υ /.
That cook couldnt cook if she didnt look at a cook book.
Sue knew too few new tunes on the flute.
The cook pushed the crooked stick with her foot.
The cookies are good.
The poor rabbit hit the bushes.
Put the book on the wooden table.
My ruler is at school too.
Chew your food, Ruth.
My shoe is in the pool.
Does the moon shine into your room?
Its very cool this noon.
VIII. Listen to the dialogue (Sound Right 29.2). Intone it. Learn and reproduce it, paying attention to the pronunciation of the sounds / u: / and / υ /.
- Yes, its a full moon and the routes good.
- Id put the things in the boot.
- The boots full.
- What is that fool put in the boot?
- I wouldnt look if I were you.
- Or should I say whos he put in the boot?
IX. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the proverbs and sayings, learn them:
/ u: /
No news is good news.
Bad news has wings.
Thats where the shoe pinches.
/υ/
A good beginning makes a good ending.
A good cook never cooks while looking into a cookery book.
Look before you leap.
XI. Learn the following tongue twister and read the text as fast as you can.
Booker Woolsey Cookbook.
Booker Woolsey was a good cook. One day, he took a good look at his full schedule and decided that he could write a good cookbook. He knew that he could, and thought that he should, but he wasnt sure that he ever would. Once he had made up his mind, he stood up, pulled up a table, took a cushion and put it on a bushel basket of sugar in the kitchen nook. He shook out his writing hand and put his mind to creating a good, good cookbook.
The vowel sounds /e/ and /æ/
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I. Listen to the sound / e/ on its own. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this long vowel sound.
The tongue is in the front part of the mouth. The front of the tongue is raised to the hard palate but not so high as for / ı /.The air passage is rather wide, the jaw is lowered and the distance between the upper and lower teeth is wider than in pronouncing /ı /.The lips are loosely spread.
I. Listen and repeat. Distinguish between the phonemes / ı/ and /e/.
Pin pen, bin Ben, tin ten, pig peg, Bill bell, chick cheques.
II. Read these examples of the sound / e /.
| men | death | check | end | lemon | sweat |
| head | red | shelf | bury | leisure | measure |
| met | friend | leg | ready | burier | friendship |
| set | said | bell | test | many | press |
III. Listen to the sound / æ /. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this short vowel sound.
The mouth is more open than for / e /. The tongue is in the front part of the mouth. The front of the tongue is rather low. The air passage is wider than for the English /e/. The jaw is lowered.
IV. Read these examples of the sound / æ /.
| mad | bag | ham |
| sang | back | has |
| pan | can | tram |
| hat | cash | stand |
| bank | catch | match |
V. Listen to the sounds / e / and / æ / in contrast and repeat.
X axe, pen pan, men man, said sad, beg bag, bread Brad.
VI. Read the contrasted sounds / e / and / æ /. Transcribe the words.
ten - tan den - dad
bet - bat let - land
pen - pan set - sand
sex - sacks teg - tag
dead - Dad mess - mass
mesh - mash deb - dab
VII. Read the following sentences. Mind the right articulation of the sounds / e / and / æ /.
Its best to rest, said the vet to the pet.
Ted met his best friend and they went to test the bell.
The fat cat sat on the mans black hat.
Check if the burier is ready.
Many men have hats on their heads.
Can Sam measure cash in that black bag?
VIII. Listen to the dialogue (Sound Right 7.1). Intone it. Learn and reproduce it, paying attention to the pronunciation of the sounds / e / and / æ /.
- Get a pet, Pat.
- Alan, Ive got a pet. Ive got a cat!
- That terrible black cat outside?
- Terrible?
- That smelly cat?
- Alice is an elegant cat.
- Mm. Well, perhaps that cat at the back isnt Alice.
- Alice! Puss-puss! Alice! Alice, you havent met Alan. Puss-puss!... Now Alan, this is Alice.
- Yes, Pat (sniffs). Yes, thats Alice.
IX. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the proverbs and sayings, learn them:
/ e /
Many men, many minds.
Better to do well than to say well.
Better late than never, but better never late.
All is well that ends well.
Better an egg today, that a hen tomorrow.
/ æ /
- No living man all things can.
- Who chatters to you will chatter of you.
X. Learn the following tongue twisters:
/ æ /
1) A slightly fat cat sat on a mat and ate a bad fat rat;
Kat said: Let him go to bed, because he looks sad,
Almost already dead, he isnt even fat and has a black hat.
2) A f a shionably t a n m a n s a t c a sually at the b a t st a nd, l a shing a h a ndful of pr a ctice b a ts. The m a nager, a cr a bby old bag of bones, passed by and laughed, Youre about average, Jack. Cant you lash faster than that? Jack had enough, so he clambered to his feet and lashed bats faster than any man had ever lashed bats. As a matter of fact, he lashed bats so fast that he seemed to dance. The manager was aghast. Jack, youre a master bat lasher! he gasped. Satisfied at last, Jack sat back and never lashed another bat.
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The vowel sounds /α:/ and / ۸ /
I. Listen to the sound / α: / on its own. Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this long vowel sound.
The blade of the tongue is very low down in the mouth, it is retracted. The tip of the tongue is also retracted from the lower teeth. The back of the tongue is slightly raised towards the soft palate. The jaw is considerably lowered. The lips are neutral.
