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. , , , . , . ; , , , . , , , . ., . . , - , . , .
. . - . (ultimate explanations) , . . ., , . . , : ?
(proximate explanations) : ? , ., . . , - . , , - .
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. ., . 1927 . , 1966 . , , (). , . 3 85 . , .
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(medieval thinking)
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(middle age)
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. , . ., . , , . , . . , , . . , . -, . , , . . (stabilizing) , , , . . . , , , , . .
. , . . , - (, , ). 30 . , , , , , . . . , . . . 30 ; , , , , 54 , , .
. . , (learning capacity) 22 25 , . (mental ability), - , : , 15 29 , . , (abilities) 60 , (learning ability). , , .
. , , , . , , . , . , , (psyche) , , , , .
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(environmental stress)
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(contingency stressors). () , , - . , . , . . , (stressful life events). , , , , . . . , (hassles and uplifts) . . , . , .
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(environmental measures)
, , - , . , . . . . ., , , , . . , , - , . , . (subenvironments) (subunits), - . , , 3 . . : ) ; ) ; ) .
(relationships dimensions) . , . (personal development dimensions) . , . ., . (system maintenance and change dimensions) , , , .
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(psychosexual stages )
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, - , (Yale Clinic of Child Development). , , . , . , (maturational readiness) .
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(equilibrium). , , .
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(test standardization)
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.
. .
(aging and intelligence)
. . , , . .
, () IQ . . , - ( ).
. , - , . . . , (WAIS) ( 20 34 ) 20 34 60- , - . . .
, (uncorrected) , (appropriateness) . , , .
, , : , WAIS, , . , , , , . -, Ҹ , - . , , , , . , . , , , . ( ) , (postformal reasoning). , , .
. , , . - 4050 . , , , . - 50 , , ; , , 60 . , (, ), . , 60 . 33% 74 30 40% 81 . 80 , ., 80- 90- . . .
. . ( ), () , , . . , , . , , WAIS, , , - -, .
. (everyday intelligence). , , , - , . , , - , . , , ,