, . (-DAC) (Hartung et al., 1998). (Crites, 1981), , (Corsini & Wedding, 1995), .
C-DA (Osborn & Niles, 1994; Super, Osborn, Walsh, Brown, Niles, 1992). , , , , ., , (Osborn, Brown, Niles &. Miner, 1997). , , , . , , (Hartung et al, 1998).
C-DAC , , (Hartung et'al., 1998, p. 277).
, : ( ?), ( ?) ( ?). , . , , , .
. - . , , . - , . , . , , . , . (Crites, 1978) , , .