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5




5 . Popper . R. The Open Society and its Enemies, vol. 1. Addendum III: Reply to a Critic. 4th edition. London: Routledge, 1962 ( : . , . 1. () III. M., 1982, . 400-424). . . . (337:)

, , , , :

(1) , , ( VI 10 )?6 55 10 7, . (G. Grote), . (. Taylor). , , , (2).

(2) , , ?

(3) , , , , ?8

(4) , -

6 . Popper K. R. The Open Society and its Enemies, vol. 1, pp. 194-195 ( : . , . 1, . 241). . . .

7 Ibidem, vol. I, pp. 305-306. , . 1, . 378-379. . . .

8 Ibidem, vol.1, p. 165-166. , . 1, . 208-209: , . . , , , , ... , , , ... . , : , , , , . , , , , , .

, , . ? . , , , , , , , , . (, , : , , , -, , .) , : , ... , ... , , ... .

-. . . , , , . ( .) , . . . .

338

, , - ?

(5) , 9, , , ?

, ? , , , . , (R. Robinson), : , , , , 942, , , . ( , , , , : ... (, 942d)).

. , - ?

. - () I 10, . , , , , . . , , , . , . , , . , (positive) , . , , , . , . . , , , , , . , , , .

9 Ibidem, vol. I, p. 7. , . 1, . 37. . . .

10 Ibidem, vol. 2, p. 393-395. , . 2, . 470-473. . . .

339

. , , , . , , . . . , - . . : , . , . , . , , , , . , . , . . . . , , , .

*

* . . .

A

. 210, 217, 219

(abduction) . 42-44, 216, 227, 270, 273, 278, 364, 366, 370, 384, 385-400

224, 237

121

158

(, ) 72, 159, 171, 231, 257, 272

63

( ) 341, 342

108

341, 342, 348, 352, 358

() 197, 343, 344, 347, 348, 362

18, 25, 26, 60, 62, 92, 58, 131, 207, 208

67

vs 199, 200

52

( ) . 61, 63, 68, 148, 205

159, 372

24, 25, 58, 68, 69, 86, 96, 200, 209, 211, 272

42-44, 364, 377, 378, 384, 385, 406, 407, 411, 417, 421, 422

342

261

344

316, 317, 323, 324

353

27, 122, 195

130

60, 128, 205-206

60, 68, 121, 125, 131, 142, 151, 157, 161, 171, 205-208, 294, 295

vs. 125-128

() (arguments) 16, 25, 29, 61-63, 70, 76, 85, 91, 96, 148, 154, 168, 173, 202, 228, 260, 270, 277, 304, 312, 324, 344, 347, 359, 372, 384

53, 159

256

71

24, 61, 128, 311

53, 86, 109, 110, 186, 188

19, 188

232

(, ) (bucket theory of knowledge/mind) . 25, 59-61, 63, 208

-----------, 60-63, 208

(basic facts) 245, 247, 248

221, 294

203, 204, 208

. 110

154

. . 204

62, 64, 68

, 5, 18, 26, 49, 53, 81, 90, 92, 164, 180, 187, 200, 264

, . 33, 187

192, 198, 202, 203

33, 173, 179, 189, 203

, . 33, 187

53, 262, 295, 305

(good) . ; 352, 354

(benefit) 41, 337, 338

341, 342

, (goodness) 339

335

122

, 339

,------ 77, 121

, . 123

306, 355

66, 67

66, 87

320

.

312

.

79, 88, 122, 166, 187-190, 193, 201, 266, 328, 338, 342, 345

, 189

, 188-190, 193

187, 188

269

330

(variations) 20, 21, 81, 82, 94, 102, 106, 116, 129, 157, 204, 205

() 81, 82, 102, 108, 111, 117, 119, 221

103, 104

54, 243, 316, 325

431

(belief) . 70, 95, 119, 140, 176, 179, 220, 221, 223, 248, 280, 316, 327, 341, 342, 345

, 95

, 95

, 97

(faith) 93, 99, 121, 141, 239, 294

, 84, 304

59, 155, 247, 375

(belief) 258

( ) 121. 157, 177, 178, 421

30, 54, 87, 102, 107, 155, 178, 180, 182, 190, 213, 293-295, 297, 301

186

31, 293, 294

30, 221, 293-295

vs .. 180, 184, 185, 188

297

293, 294

(propensity) 31, 32, 87, 181-186, 283

() 186, 294

, () . 178, 180-185, 186, 188, 193, 194

(, ) 6, 70, 86, 91, 95, 123, 125, 129, 158, 159, 170, 199, 204, 226, 233, 281, 308, 312

130-132

() (seeing, insight) . 151, 216, 233, 299

(, ) (visibilia) 253, 277

. ( )

101, 123, 214

306, 341, 350, 351, 355, 358

(nested hierarchy) 99, 101, 119

------ 101, 136

335

(water shrew) 131, 135

13, 69, 70, 73, 88, 93, 98, 106, 124, 140, 156, 166, 173, 181-185, 188, 191, 193, 198, 213, 218, 220, 237, 240, 241, 246, 254, 257, 261, 274, 275, 288, 301, 311, 318, 328, 334

181-184 241, 292

, (emergence) 75, 76, 78, 86-88, 122, 153, 189, 209, 212, 261, 285

(coming into being) 242

(origin) 201, 202

(rise) 335

38, 55, 68

2- 341, 352

------ 3- 328

53, 131

. 88

68, 110, 158, 169, 174, 227, 228, 266, 271, 274

170

(percept) 223

(perception) .

24, 59-62, 82, 92, 98, 104, 115, 125, 129, 132, 134, 144, 158, 159, 172, 198, 205, 223, 229-234, 237, 280, 299

61, 92, 93, 130, 132

61 (admiration) 341

54, 106, 129, 216, 217, 221, 232

49, 54, 129, 130, 185, 206, 208, 229, 264

(innate) 261, 267

126, 258, 260, 261, 288

9, 11, 126, 149, 288

259-261

9

(universality) 227, 229

. 2

(Secondness) 226, 234-237, 275

(choice) 79, 83, 87, 135, 149, 155, 193, 217, 252, 286, 294, 307, 334, 335, 345, 348, 354, 355, 361, 362

(search by random groping) 213, 218

-, . 354, 362

(decision between) 155

. ,

(deduction) 94, 232

, . (natural d.) 283

(derivation) 193, 309

(inference) 95, 96, 127, 226, 232, 295, 307-309

() (derivability) 309

------(deducibility) 72

(survival) 22, 23, 84, 89, 94, 101, 113, 116, 119, 120, 123, 124, 129, 132, 135, 165, 185, 188, 197, 204, 205, 207, 214

, 57, 59, 94, 132, 135, 156, 210, 211, 218, 219, 227, 269

. ( ) (propositions) 113, 127, 174, 232 233, 252, 271, 272, 293, 295, 297, 308, 349

(general p.) .

295

(universal p.) . , 232

(particular p.) 295

(statements) 66, 72, 94, 127, 177, 245-247, 253, 255, 265, 267, 296, 306, 335, 363

(privileged s.) 245

(protocol s.) 245, 247

432

(self-referring s.) 363

(utterances) 265, 278

. 41, 47, 326, 339

20, 79, 165, 317

175

80, 119

21, 63, 79, 80, 94, 119, 205

159, 256

47, 159, 162

82, 107

11, 13, 42, 60, 67, 73, 100, 110, 117, 118, 125, 131, 135, 140, 156, 178, 195, 210-220, 225, 227, 238, 269-271, 281, 309, 312, 331, 343, 364

178

, 6, 60, 62, 77, 80, 90, 93, 100, 105, 106, 113, 134, 151, 199, 203, 204, 207, 208, 214, 228, 233, 256

105

171, 175

175

(deep structures) ( ) 258, 278

(anger) 160, 172

102

27, 195, 196, 207

160, 351

306

. ,

41, 172, 312, 337, 338, 342, 346, 352

12, 352

, . (gouvernement .) 348

,-------(government) 343

52, 54, 327, 337, 341, 343, 350, 351, 355

(data) 119, 134, 135, 207, 296

(evidence) 96, 172, 243

(given) 172, 206, 207, 245, 246

(testimony) 235

(appearances) 278

(observations) 62, 133, 134

(immediately g.) 148

/ (empirical e.) 218, 220, 243, 250

(statistical d.) 183, 184, 301

(phenomenally g.) 133

(sense d.) 59-62, 98, 99, 106, 149, 198, 199, 206, 208, 230, 245, 280

------- 61

(experimental e.) 119

. 57, 79, 84, 85, 91, 101, 117, 123, 124, 134, 140, 145, 156, 163, 165, 166, 175, 214

() 210, 211, 220

vs. 217-219

(twenty questions) 217, 220

(mover) ( ) 190, 192

. 308, 309

. 110, 163, 232, 366, 367, 370, 396

, (action, acting) 55, 63, 66, 85, 88, 93, 95, 99, 113, 114, 121, 124, 125, 149, 184, 187, 197, 207, 208, 216, 218, 221, 224, 255, 311, 313, 322, 338, 342, 345, 351, 352

255

, . 292, 339

, . (way) 197, 362

(effect) . (effect); 63

(reality) . 24, 31, 41, 57, 112, 145, 164, 213, 290, 292, 339

148, 150, 151

105

() . 154, 164

. () 350-352

(manifest theory of truth) 225, 274

(demonstration) 81, 117, 235

. 236

92, 99, 125, 128

. , 64-66, 88, 96, 125, 226, 275, 302

32, 187, 192, 193, 272, 393

67, 68, 71, 151, 337, 353, 354

.

(diagram) . ( ) 234, 236

236

236

(dyad) . 234

12, 162, 315, 319, 325, 327

54

199

355

351, 353

.

87

355

241

287

. 295

433

68, 70, 87, 100

(goodness) . 54, 350, 361

(right and wrong) 54

(guesses, guessing, guesswork) . 30, 99, 110, 129, 157, 158, 167, 169, 170, 197, 214, 228, 271, 283, 293, 421

101, 299, 351

(proof) 13, 38, 72, 91, 158, 163, 169, 170, 197, 226, 334

77, 121, 339

------ 339

72, 169

(duty) 160, 318, 323

62, 198-200

(certainty) . , , 64, 93, 116, 172, 177, 184, 197, 201, 245, 272

, , , , (validity) 18, 44, 94, 120, 125, 131, 159, 238, 250, 267, 307

(genetic drift) 80, 81

134

134

. . 272, 279

(, ) . 339, 346-349, 359, 360

85, 128

134

(mind) . 35, 71, 84, 85, 88, 89, 174, 283, 360

(, ) () 77, 84, 85, 89, 91, 132, 283, 284

(spirit) 179, 252

(spirit of a period/age; Zeitgeist .) 286, 361

37, 300-306, 318, 324

(science) 332, 335, 343

, (natural science) 37, 127, 155, 160, 174, 238, 277, 299, 323, 324, 343

13, 15, 17, 57, 58, 60, 66, 75-81, 92, 94, 100, 101, 103, 138, 165, 175, 211, 269, 370

------/ 60, 175, 269

------- 101

------ 100

------ 103

-------vs 143

(wish, wishing) 40, 65, 153, 172, 187, 311

153

344, 346

64, 235, 236

71, 179

13, 19, 57, 62, 73, 78, 79, 84-86, 89, 107, 113, 121, 124, 160, 165, 179, 189, 193, 200, 201

102, 104

. 15, 321-323, 328

, . 180, 185

, . 26, 180, 201, 202, 204, 208

112, 361

, . 170

. (, , ..) . 53, 94, 95, 111, 123, 127, 130-132, 155, 159, 171, 191, 193, 215, 239, 346

130, 239, 240

, . 354, 360

vs 32, 191-193

344

347

159, 338

53, 123, 127, 132, 155, 159, 172, 189, 191, 193, 215, 346

------, (wiggling) 239, 240

126

( , ) 100, 112, 119

() 88, 99

102, 104, 106, 118

106, 108

138

(misguided) 301, 302

(buildings) 71

(enlightened) 208

------(common sense) 18, 105, 147, 208

(evil) . 323

(sign) . 65, 66, 231, 234-236

, (knowledge) . ; ; ; (); 6, 53, 57, 59-62, 67, 73, 82, 93, 95, 155, 166, 167, 179, 195, 211, 212, 224, 228-230, 284, 291, 292, 298, 301, 331, 334, 337, 362

.

.

(innate) 12, 107, 126, 206, 260

. 245, 248, 284

127, 343

11, 98, 269

434

11, 26, 96, 135, 136, 149, 195, 196, 269

(ignorance) 37, 298, 299, 301, 369

11, 12, 25, 196

(inheritable) 207

5, 7, 8, 57, 96-98, 117, 132, 155, 167, 197, 213, 214, 228, 242, 245, 250, 254, 260, 261, 267, 269, 325

. (lack of k.) 167, 188

(unconscious) 196, 198

(direct) 114, 148

(fuzzy) .

(certain) 166, 167, 245

67, 149, 207

206, 208

(objective) 26, 73, 132, 135, 179, 196, 222, 224, 225, 242, 245-250, 262, 263, 265, 267, 305, 306

(foreknowledge); (already possessed), (prior/background), (past k.) 102, 103, 113, 124, 130, 150, 155, 159, 162, 198-200, 203, 220, 245

(justified), (well-grounded) 99, 292

68, 89

------- 198

(, , ) (growth, expansion, acquisition, development) . 52, 57, 61, 67, 95-98, 112, 114, 119, 136, 148, 155, 158, 209, 214, 228, 245-247, 250, 255, 259-267, 269-272, 274-276, 320

(vague) .

128, 245 (meaning) .

235

. 159

236, 237, 241

() 115, 116, 171, 223, 230, 233, 241, 256, 272, 281, 299, 361, 362

(truth values) 362

89, 93, 103, 105, 204, 277

93

------ 93, 94

151

, ( ) 105, 106

, 105, 106, 150

. 55, 66-68, 122, 182, 211, 216, 220, 296, 320, 334, 346

182, 295

160, 172

55, 121, 259

. 5, 79, 89, 91, 98, 109-111, 123, 125, 127, 153, 158, 162, 164, 170, 228, 231, 243, 258, 268, 271, 276, 284, 305, 319, 320, 337, 343, 344

228, 252

146, 228, 252, 370

160, 173, 308, 361

(idiographic) .

100, 101

/ (selective retention) . 21, 94, 102, 105, 108, 116, 119, 121, 122, 221

------ 115, 116

------- / 11, 94, 96, 102, 103, 119, 221

------ 102

/ (selectivity) 68, 80, 81, 83, 87, 105, 106, 116, 118, 119, 123, 161, 163, 166, 172, 200, 218

335, 336

172

133

(variance) 7, 21, 83, 89, 96, 102, 121, 124, 136, 264

--

(variation-cum-invariance) 165

(dimension) 172, 301

(measurement) 37, 182, 187, 240, 294, 320

(meter reading) 238

(inventions) . 58, 60, 61, 67, 68, 70, 72, , 117, 118, 126, 203, 204, 207, 266

(simultaneous) 117, 118





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