.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





. 16.8 . . 16.8, , , . 16.8, , , . 16.8, , . 16.8,d .

 

. 16.8.

16.3. G n ³ 3 . p, 1 £ p < (n-1)/2, , p, p, n (n ─ 1)/2 , G ─ ().

16.4. G ─ , U(G) = Gs ─ G . G ─ , Gs ─ .

. , , G (. 16.9) , , Gs , .

. 16.9.

, G ─ , Gs ─ Gs = G(U) = U(G) (. 16.10).

. 16.10.

G , G S(G) (. 16.11).

. 16.11.

16.5. U(S(G)) , , G ─ , , U(G) .

T(G) , (X È U) , , G. , . . 16.12, G, . 16.12, . , T(G) G U(G).

ࠠ b

. 16.12.

16.6. G ─ n , , Up(G) ─ , p ³ n ─ 3. Un(G) ─ G.

, 16.6, . 16.13. G , . . . n G 6. p = 3 , G Up(G) = U3(G). U(G) U2(G) .

. , . , . , , . , , u 13 G (. 16.13) u 23 u 34. , x 1,3 U(G) x 2,3 x 3,4. (a, b, , e) U(G) U2(G), (u 1, u 2, u 6) U2(G) U3(G), . , 16.6.

. 16.13.

, .

16.1. G = (X, U) , xi Î X r (xi) ³ 2.

16.2. xi Î X r (xi) = 2, 2 , xi, , , G.

16.3. xi Î X r (xi) > 2 xi, , xi, . 16.14 G , .

. , . , .

16.7 (). L ─ , xi, xj ─ , , , xi xj, L L ( xi, xj), L , xi, xj.

. 16.14. ,

G = (X, U) , , , ─ . , . , 2.7 , , . , : xi ( ) xj ( ), . . 16.15.

, . G = (X, U) , , , (), ui Î U, Ï U, . . 16.16.

. 16.15.

 

. 16.16.

= {(x 1, x 2), (x 2, x 3), (x 3, x 4), (x 4, x 5), (x 5, x 6), (x 6, x 7), (x 7, x 8), (x 8, x 1)}, u 1 = (x 1, x 2), u 3 = (x 3, x 4), u 5 = (x 5, x 6), u 7 = (x 7, x 8) ─ , , , , . , .

1. :

) ,

) ,

) ,

) .

. 16.17 , . .

. 16.17.

2. G = (X, U), . 16.17,, , .

: 16.17, , G ─ , .

1.1. G. . . 1.2.

1.2. x 1.

1.3. u (x 1 x 4). : u (x 1 x 4) = u 14. L R.

1.4. |L| ¹ m, m ─ G, . 1.5.

1.5. x 4.

2.3. u 45. L .

2.4. |L| ¹ m, . 2.5.

2.5. x 5.

3.3. u 56 L.

3.4. |L| ¹ m, . 3.5.

3.5. x 6.

4.3. u 67 ( u 61 , ).

4.4. |L| ¹ m, . 4.5.

4.5. x 7.

5.3. u 73. L.

5.4. |L| ¹ m, . 5.5.

5.5. x 3.

6.3. u 34, L.

6.4. |L| ¹ m, . 6.5.

6.5. x 4.

7.3. u 46, L.

7.4. |L| ¹ m, . 7.5.

7.5. x 6.

8.3. , u 61.

8.4. |L| ¹ m, . 8.5.

8.5. x 1.

9.3. u 12, L.

9.4. |L| ¹ m, . 9.5.

9.5. x 2.

10.3. u 25, L.

10.4. |L| ¹ m, . 10.5.

10.5. x 5.

11.3. u 58, L.

11.4. |L| ¹ m, . 11.5.

11.5. x 8.

12.3. u 81, L.

12.4. |L| = m, . 12.6.

12.6. (u 14 u 45 u 56 u 67 u 73 u 34 - u 46 u 61 u 12 u 25 u 58 u 81).

. .

3. .

: . 16.18 G, . , , . : = (x 1x 2x 15x 13x 18x 16x 14x 6x 7x 17x 20x 19x 11x 12x 3x 4x 10x 9x 8x 5x 1).

. 16.18.

1. ? ?

2. ?

3. ?

4. , ?

5. ?

6. ?

7. ?

8. ?

9. ?

10. ?





:


: 2018-10-18; !; : 2299 |


:

:

,
==> ...

1491 - | 1466 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.025 .