. :
1. The reporter was given 20 minutes. 2. I am told nothing. 3. This little girl is taught music. 4. We have written the letter. 5. She told her nothing. 6. She has been sent 2 telegrams. 7. Teachers often ask questions. 8. They were helped a lot when they were children. 9. They havent yet sent for the assistant. 10. We shall be translating the article for the next 45 minutes. 11. We are translating the sentences now.
. 3. can, may must :
1. I sit down? 2. I not answer this question. 3. I speak to you? 4. You be ready by 9 oclock. 5. He speak English fluently. 6. Jane climb high mountains. 7. Pupils obey their teachers. 8. If you want to know English, you read much. 9. It rain today. Take the umbrella. 9. we take these books? 10. You ring me up if you need my help.
. 4. :
1. Her name can be Doolittle. 2. He can do it for you. 3. You may come in. 4. He may be in the house now. 5. You must do that. 6. We must come tomorrow.
. 5. . :
1. We worked that land for maybe a hundred years. 2. You should consult a doctor. 3. What a pity you have to go now. 4. Am I to come tomorrow? 5. Im afraid I must be off. 6. I dont see why we shouldnt make friends. 7. You ought to help him; he is in trouble. 8. Why do I have to do everything? 9. He must have been writing a letter when I came. 10. Could I have a cup of tea, Mother? 11. At your age you ought to be earning your living. 12. Is he to arrive tomorrow?
. 6. , to be. to be :
1. We are to wait for them at the entrance. 2. What is to become of him? 3. I havent been given a chance to explain. 4. We were told some interesting news. 5. Peter is busy. 6. They are in the language laboratory. 7. What are you crying for? 8. You were to arrive yesterday. 9. I am telling you the truth. 10. You have been a good deal talked about.
. 7. , to have:
1. Have you a letter for me, postman? 2. What have they done? 3. She was no fool. She had read much, in several languages, and she could talk of the books she had read with good sense. 4. She knows what she has to do. 5. They will have to come here again. 6. He had his leg broken. 7. I had breakfast at home. 8. She has not slept since that night.
IV
LESSON 1
to be to have ()
| to be | to have | |
| 1. | . , . We are in the Institute now. | . . He has a good library. |
| 2. - - | 3 ing. . She is reading a book. We were invited there. | 3 . . I have read your letter. |
| 3. - | To be . , , , , , : She is a pretty child. His aim is to become a teacher. | - |
| 4. - | ( to). , 텻 I was to send a telegram but I forgot to do it. | ( to). , , . I shall have to stay at home as my mother is ill. |
| 5. - | : to be fond of ; to be afraid of ; to be late ; to be proud of . | : to have dinner ; to have a smoke ; to have a look . |
| 6. | - | have + ( ) + II. , , - , (, ) : She has her hair cut short. (.. ). |
. 1. to be :
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1. She is an experienced teacher. 2. We were to meet on Sunday. 3. Where are you going? 4. Were you in the south last summer? 5. Dont forget that we are to meet in the evening. 6. He is in the library now. 7. There will be an interesting concert next week. 8. He is reading up for his exams. 9. They are to come in 20 minutes. 10. You were to tell us about it. 11. I am afraid of nothing.
. 2. , to be:
He was to listen to you; he was listening; he was listened to; he was a rich person; it is translated; it is to translate; he is translating; it is a difficult text; they are caused; they are to cause; he will be changed; he is changed; he is to change.
. 3. to have :
1. I have a very good English dictionary. 2. Have a look at this picture! 3. I have to write a letter to my parents today. 4. I have already seen this film. 5. She has just read an interesting story. 6. They have an English lesson every day. 7. We have breakfast in the morning. 8. He had to stay at home as it was raining hard. 9. We had a meeting after the lessons yesterday. 10. We had to wait for him for half an hour. 11. They had had dinner before we came. 12. Next week I shall have to return this textbook. 13. Ill have the car brought round. 14. Why dont you have your hair waved? 15. The man had his leg amputated. 16. We have to translate all these texts. 17. They will have a new flat soon.
. 4. , to have:
I have arrived; I have to arrive; he had to translate; he had translated; he had the text to translate; I will have to understand; he has helped; he has to help; he will have to help; he had to help; he has asked; they have to ask; you had asked; she has to ask.
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LESSON 2
The Infinitive
, , .
to (to go, to do, to help).
to :
1) (can, may, must, need, could, might, should): She can swim well. They should do it.
2) to make ( ), to let (): She let them go.
3) had better ( ): Youd better sing us. would rather ( ): I would rather do it later.
. 1. . , to. :
1. He wanted to help us in biology. 2. They promised to inform us about their work. 3. His parents let him watch this film. 4. To swim in cold water is healthy. 5. Jane wants to buy a present to her Mum. 6. Our teacher makes us read every class. 7. You had better think about it. 8. Let me know whats happening. 9. They will go to the library to read new magazines. 10. You neednt decide at once how to act. 11. Dont make him eat. 12. His friend made him learn English.
. 2. , to :
1. You may (join) us, if you wish. 2. Let her (do) what she wants (do). 3. When I was a child my granny made me (practise) the piano every day. 4. I wont make Jim (come) to the club tonight. 5. Youd better (try) not to think about it. 6. I will make him (do) the work again. 7. Id like (eat) fish this evening. 8. Im glad (see) you. 9. She will be happy (invite) them. 10. Give me something (read). 11. She doesnt like (ask) questions. 12. I want (learn) English.
1. (. . ).
2. (. . (Indefinite Infinitive, Continuous Infinitive) (Perfect Infinitive).
.
The Infinitive
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous | to write to be writing to have written to have been writing | to be written - to have been written - |
. 3. ) , :
to ask, to do, to help, to make, to translate, to pass, to take, to answer;
b) :
to trouble (), to have troubled, to be working, to have been told, to be invited, to have been working, to be done, to be doing, to have invited, to have lost, to stay, to be answered, to have made, to have been made, to have been reading, to have phoned, to have been asked, to have met, to be met, to have been helped, to be helping, to be helped, to have sent, to have been questioned.
. 4. . :
1. I like to ask questions. . 2. I like to be asked many questions. , . 3. They happened, at the moment, to be asking something about the examination. - . 4. I remember to have asked this question. , . 5. I remember to have been asked this question. , . 6. For about twenty minutes they seemed to have been asking one and the same question formulating it in different ways. , , , - .
. 5. :
1. We were ready to take the exam beforehand. 2. I wanted to be invited to the concert. 3. He is glad to have chosen this institute. 4. I am glad to have seen you. 5. There was nothing left for him to do but watch and wait. 6. Laws are not made to be broken. 7. To visit her was all that I wanted. 8. He is proud to have been offered this post. 10. My greatest wish was to tell her everything. 11. For a moment she seemed to be hesitating. 12. In that same week I happened to have been enquiring whether all the invitations have been sent out. 13. All I want to do is to help you. 14. He seemed to have received all he wanted. 15. Alice arrived in time to hear Toms remark. 16. I am sorry not to have seen her. 17. I dont like to be interrupted. 18. I dont like to interrupt.
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. 6. a) : Passive Active:
1. The lecturer wants The students wants (to understand, to be understood). 2. We expected the meeting next month. He expected the attention of the audience (to hold, to be held). 3. Some changes had He wanted some changes in the project (to make, to be made). 4. There were a lot of things He was nowhere (to see, to be seen).
b) Indefinite Perfect:
1. Its good work for the day (to finish, to have finished). 2. She admits the same mistake in her previous paper (to make, to have made). 3. He was sorry not the idea earlier (to give up, to have given up). 4. She confessed the man before (to see, to have seen). 5. The negotiations seem to an end (to come, to have come). 6. The relations between the two countries seem the lowest point (to reach, to have reached).
