1638 . , ( ) . , .
, , , , , . , , () , , . , , ; , , ; , .
, , , 1639 . , , ( ) .
XVII , , 1685 ., - 1693 ., - 1730 . , - , , , , - .
1662 ., . (1650), , . , 1669 . , , .
. ( 1686 .) : , , , , .
|
|
, , . . 25 1690 . , , , . Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick ( , ), ( ) 19 29 . , , - .
, : , -, , , . -, , ; , .
-, - , , .
( ) , , , , , , , , . , . .
- , . . , , , , . , The London Post.
. , , , . .
, , 14 1703 .:
|
|
8 . .
9 . -.
10 . , , .
. , 1704 . , The Boston News-Letter ( ).
- , 17 , , 24 1704 . The Boston News-Letter 24 1704 .
, . :
News-Letter ; , , , , , , , , , , .
News-Letter , .
, , , . , . The London Flying Post The London Gazette, . . , , . , , 30 1704 .
1722 . , , . , , , 1776 . , , 72 .
. 1719 . . The Boston Gazette ( ). , 21 1719 . : ; , . .
, 22 , The American Weekly Mercury ( ) - , . , - , -. , The American Weekly Mercury , .
1721 . . The New England Courant ( ), . 7 1721 . , , .
|
|
, , . , , , , . The New England Courant , , , , , .
, . The New England Courant The Boston Gazette , , , , . , , , , , .
The New England Courant ( ) . . , , , : ; ; .
1722 . . , . , : , , , . , - , , . , , "The New England Courant". , , . - , , , : .
- The New England Courant , . , , .
|
|
The New England Courant ( 1721 1728 .), - . . . 8 1725 . , -, - The New-York Gazette. 1730 . , 1735 . .
1726 . , , , . , , , , .
, , , . . , . , .
1728 . . The American Weekly Mercury. , , , , .
, 1728 . . The Universal Instructor in All Arts and Sciences: and Pennsylvania Gazette ( , ). - , , . .
39 , 1729 . () . The American Weekly Mercury , , , . , 1732 . .
2 1729 . The Pennsylvania Gazette. , . The Pennsylvania Gazette .
, , , . , The Pennsylvania Gazette . , , . , .
The Pennsylvania Gazette : , . , ( ), , , , , , , , . , , .
The Pennsylvania Gazette , , . . , , .
|
|
, 1729 . , , , , - , , . , , , , , , ; , ; , , , .
, , . , . , , , , , , . .
The Pennsylvania Gazette , , , . , , , , . , 17481765 . , 60 % The Pennsylvania Gazette.
The Pennsylvania Gazette. , . , . 1732 . , , Philadelphische Zeitung . , . Philadelphische Zeitung , Germantown Zeitung .
, , The South Carolina Gazette The Rhode Island Gazette. 1732 . , . , , . , , - .
1732 . , , , . , . The South Carolina Gazette. 1733 . , . 1738 . The South Carolina Gazette , , . The South Carolina Gazette The Virginia Gazette, 1736 . , .
1732 . ( ) -. The New-York Gazette . 1755 . -, The Connecticut Gazette. , .
, XVIII . - . ( ) , , , .
( , ) , , , . , , . , .
. , . , , , : .
(Poor Richard's Almanack), , . , , , , 10 000 . , , , , , , - , , ; , , , , : .
1733 ., 1732 . , , , 1757 . , .
- . , , , . , : , , ; , , . , , , , , ; , , , , ; ( ), . , .
,' , , - . , ; , . , ; , , , . , , , .
, , , . - , , , .
, , . , . , , . , . , , , . , . . , , , , , .
. The Gentleman's Magazine ( ) , The Pennsylvania Gazette. , ( ) . 6 1740 . The American Magazine, or a Monthly View of the Political State of the British Colonies ( , ), .
. The Pennsylvania Gazette The General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for All the British Plantations in America ( ). : , , ; . , , , The Mercury, , , , , , .
. , . , 6 . . 13 1741 . The American Magazine . 16 The General Magazine, , .
: The American Magazine , The General Magazine . . - , . , , - . 76 The General Magazine , , ( ), ; , , ( ). , . , , , . .
, . . , 1741 1794 . 45 , , , .
, . , , , , . , , . , .
, , , , .
1710 ., -.
1711 1719 . , 1725 . - The New-York Gazette. 1726 . , .
1733 ., The New-York Weekly Journal. , , . , .
17 1734 ., . , , , 55 25 1734 . : Weekly Journal.
, ,
, , . , , , , , , , , <...> , , Weekly Journal, .
, , .
The New-York Gazette, . , .
. , 1735 ., , . , The New-York Weekly Journal , . , .
: , , , ; , , -. ! ! , , . .
. 1737 . -, 1738 . -.
, . 9 1754 . The Pensylvania Gazette . , . , -, -, , , , . : Join, or Die ( ).
. The New-York Gazette, The New-York Mercury, The Boston Gazette, The Boston News-Letter . The New-York Gazette , Unite and Conquer ( ).
, , . . -, - , -, , ( 1765 . 43 ), -, .
1765 . , . , . 1763 1783 , ; , , . , , ; .
, . 21 1765 ., -, The Constitutional Courant ( ). . , .
1760- . , , , , , , , , , , .
. , 20 1764 . The Boston I Gazette ] , : (natural rights) , , , , . ,
, , , , .
1766 ., . . , , . , , , .
1767 . The Pennsylvania Chronicle ( ) , , . , .
1767 1768 ., , 8 . , .
, - , - , . , , , , , .
1771 ., . 1768 . . . , . : , , . , .
. . , III .
1773 . The Massachusetts Spy ( ), , : , ? . , , , , , . , , , , , .
, , , - . 1773 . The Boston Gazette, . , , - 1774 . , . , , , .
, , , , , . : , , . , .
19 1775 . , , . , .
10 1776 . ( ) , . .
, , , , . . 120 000 , .
, , , .
, . 2 1776 . , , , 4 .
, , , . .
1783 . .
-, . 21 1784 . The Pennsylvania Packed and Daily Advertiser ( ), . . , . , . , - , .
. 1 1784 . The South Carolina Gazette and General Advertiser (- ), 1 1785 . - The New York Daily Advertiser (- ). , , .
-, . , , 1740 , , 1790 , 1.
1787 . . , . , .
85 , . 17871788 . , , - . , , .
39- , . , : , ? , , , , , , .
: , . , , , , .
. , , , , , , Habeas corpus.
. , . 1789 . 10 ( ). , , , <...> ....
, , 1789 . - , . . , , .
. , , , , . .
, , 1789 The Gazette of the United States ( ). , . The Gazette of the United States , .
1791 . The National Gazette ( ), . . , The National Gazette , . .
, -. The National Gazette . . , The National Gazette , , , .
. , , , 1810 ., . 336 , 17951800 ., , 32 , , 20 11 , 12 10 1 . -, 67 29 , 27 .
1798 ., , , , ( ) . , , , <...> - , <...> , <...> <...> <...> ; <...>, .
, Aurora (), , , .
. . . 17 , 10 , , .
1800 . . . , , . .
, . 31 1800 The National Intelligencer ( ) , 1870 .
( 1801 .) - The Evening Post ( ),
, . - 1825 ., , 1829 . The Evening Post.
, , , .
, , . . . . , The Evening Post .
XIX , 1 1802 ., - The Morning Chronicle ( ). , , , , , The Morning Chronicle. The Evening Post . - , The Evening Post.
- , , , , . - ( , , , - ). , , .
The Morning Chronicle 1805 . , . , , .
, XIX . , The Edinburgh Review ( ) The Quarterly Review ( ).
1800 . 12 , 1810 40, 1825-100.
, The Massachusetts Magazine ( , 1789-1796) The North American Review ( , , 1815 - 1877; -, 18781940) , American Review and Literary Journal ( , 1799-1802) - , The Port Folio (, 1801 1815) .
( , ). ( , ) - The Edinburgh Review, .
The North American Review , - . The North American Review . . . , , , , .
. , , , ( ).
. . 1810 . , 1812 . 1814 . The Times 1100 250 . 1825 . , The New York Daily Advertaiser 2000 , .
, , 1820- . .