, , . , , ‑ , . , , , . , [44]. , ‑ . ( ) .
, , , , , . , ( , + + ).
, ( ). , , , .
, , . , . . . . , . ., .
‑‑ (= ). . (1.05.25);
‑ (= . 1.05.29);
. (1.05.30);
? (= ?). (1.05.30);
! (1.06.09);
‑ , ‑ ! , , (1.06.12).
, , ', '. , , . ( !) . , , ( ).
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. .
‑ (= , ) (1.06.17); ‑! (= ) (1.06.18[45]);
‑ (= ), (1.06.20);
‑‑ (= ). (1.06.24);
[46] ‑ (= , , ) (1.07.06).
, , , , . , .
, ‑ (= , ) (1.07.07);
(= ) (1.07.08);
‑ (= ) (1.07.09);
Ҹ (= Ҹ ). (1.07.10);
‑ (= ). (1.07.24);
(= , . . ). , , .
‑ (= ) (1.09.20).
, , [47]. , .
Pivot‑grammar
, . , . , . . (Braine 1963), , pivots (), pivot class. , open class. Pivot‑ , . , pivots . , , , pivots . Andrew, pivot‑ , pivots all (all gone; all clean, etc.), see (see baby; see train, etc.), more (more car = Drive me around some more, more read; more walk, etc.), other (other milk; other shoe, etc.), I (I see; I sit, etc.), no (no bed, no down = Don't put me down, etc.) . . pivot‑ off (boot off; light off; shirt off, etc.)[48]. , , , .
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( ). , . , , , .
, pivots , , ( '', . ), . pivot‑ .
: . , , , [ 1984]. , ( , , , .) , .
( .) , . . . . , , , . , . , , . . . , ( ).