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Soil Conditions (1)
Well drained, sandy loam and muck soils (2) of pH 5.5 to 7.0 are desirable. A chisel plow (3) is recommended to work soils (4) to a depth of 12 to 15 inches to minimize compaction and promote good root penetration (5). Compacted soils (6) will lead to reduced and distorted root growth (7). The building of raised beds (8) may help to obtain optimum drainage and maximize root length and quality.
Seed Treatment (9)
Carrot seed numbers approximately 23,000 per ounce. Use high quality size graded and fungicide treated seed (10) for optimum uniformity and performance (11). Pelleted carrot seed (12) is commonly used with precision spacing (13), and has been found to be useful in improving size and uniformity. A number of pelleting materials (14) are available which differ in weight, cost, and response to soil moisture (15).
Seeding (16)
Fields may be seeded as early as the first half of April and as late as the first of July (17). Generally 2-4 lbs. of raw seed (18) are needed per acre (19) for fresh market or slicing carrots for processing (20). For dicing carrots (21), 1-2 lbs. of seed are needed.
If raised beds are used they should be at least 4 inches high (22) on 20 to 40 inch centers. One or two scatter rows (23) (l2-l5 inches apart) (24)are seeded per bed. For non-bedded plantings (25) use a row spacing of l6 to 30 inches apart (26) and in-row stands of 10-20 plants per foot (27)for dicing, or 20-30 plants per foot of row (28) for slicing (or fresh market) carrots.
Seeding with a precision seeder (29) (ex. Stanhay or equivalent) is recommended. With a special shoe (30), 3 lines l l/2 in. apart (31)are seeded for each row and the seed belt (32)is punched to drop 7 to 8 seeds per foot of line in the two outside lines and 5 to 6 seeds per foot in the middle line. Use the lower seeding rate (33)when the reported germination (34)is over 90% and for planting dicing carrots for processing.
To obtain a uniform size and shape of “true baby” or cut and peel carrots, seed should be sown at high density (35) and distributed evenly in wide bands or solid beds (36). The seed should not be pelleted but must be size-graded by the supplier (37). A precision seederis not necessary for planting this type of carrot. Adequate results have been obtained by planting with a plate seeder (38) at the rate of 80 to 100 seeds per bed foot (39). Rows should be 2 to 10 inches apart. As many as 10 rows per bed (40) may be used. Planting scatter rows at 4 in. results in a “solid” stand (41). At this spacing (42), approximately 20 to 25 lbs. of seed per acre may be required.
| 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15. , .
16.
17.
18. 2-4
19.
20.
21. ,
22. 4
23.
24. 12-15
25.
26. 16-30
27. 10-20 1
28. 20-30 1
29.
30. ()
31. 3 1,5
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39. 80-100 1 (30, 5 .)
40. 10
41.
42.
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Exercise 2 b. Mach the phrases in column A with their equivalents in column B:
| A.With a special shoe, 3 lines l l/2 in. apart are seeded for each row.
| 1. , .
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| B.One or two scatter rows (l2-l5 inches apart) are seeded per bed.
| 32. 5,5-7,0 pH.
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| C.Well drained, sandy loam and muck soils of pH 5.5 to 7.0 are desirable.
| 3. , .
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| D. Pelleted carrot seed is commonly used with precision spacing, and has been found to be useful in improving size and uniformity.
| 4. , .
|
| E. Compacted soils will lead to reduced and distorted root growth.
| 5. , 1 2-4 .
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| F. Seeding with a precision seeder is recommended.
| 6. 1-2 12-15 .
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| G. Fields may be seeded as early as the first half of April and as late as the first of July.
| 7. 12-15 , .
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| H. The seed belt is punched to drop 7 to 8 seeds per foot of line in the two outside lines and 5 to 6 seeds per foot in the middle line.
| 8. , , , 4 20-40 .
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| I. A number of pelleting materials are available which differ in weight, cost, and response to soil moisture.
| 9. .
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| J. Carrot seed numbers approximately 23,000 per ounce.
| 10.
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| K. Generally 2-4 lbs. of raw seed are needed per acre for fresh market or slicing carrots for processing.
| 11. , , ; , .
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| L. Use high quality size graded and fungicide treated seed for optimum uniformity and performance.
| 12. () 3 1,5 .
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| M. A chisel plow is recommended to work soils to a depth of 12 to 15 inches to minimize compaction and promote good root penetration.
| 13. , 7-8 , 5-6 .
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| N. If raised beds are used they should be at least 4 inches high on 20 to 40 inch centers.
| 14. .
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| O. The building of raised beds may help to obtain optimum drainage and maximize root length and quality.
| 15. .
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| P. Adequate results have been obtained by planting with a plate seeder.
| 16. 1200 .
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