1.. .
.. - - . 6.-
5-.
- -.
CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH
H O H O O
H H H H H OC2H5
+ C2H5OH HCl()
OH OH OH OC2H5 OH H
OH H OH H OH H
H OH H OH H OH
α-- --α-β-
. -, . ..
. , α- .
OR
H
- - N-, S- - , α- ..
N- - , .-, ..
.
** ., ., ., -
Cu(OH)2
H
C-O O-C
Cu
C-O O-C - -.
H
** - ()
. - ( .- . )
CH2OH CH2OCH3
O O
O
OH OH + 5CH3 J OCH3 O OCH3
OH +5HJ CH3O OCH3 α
OH OCH3 O
OCH3 OCH3
Β-
O- -2,3,4,6
α( β) .
- , .
CH2OCH3
O
OH+CH3OH
CH3O
OCH3
OCH3
2.3.4.6
α( β)--.
** - ()
. - - ., α- , .
(H2SO4, ZnCl2), (CH3CONa) ()
H2OH CH2OCOCH3
O O
+5(CH3CO)2 ZnCl2
HO OH +5CH3COOH CH3COO OCOCH3
OH OCOCH3
OH OCOCH3
α-, , , l .
O O
O
O OCCH3
OCCH3
. :
-, , -, -.
1-,6-; 1,6-.
** . .
-
()-, .
O
C CH2OH -
H Na4 (CHOH)n -
(CHOH)n CH2OH -
2 -
-.. .
) .
O O
C C
H OH - -.
(CHOH)n Br2 H2O (CHOH)n
CH2OH -HBr CH2OH
) .
O
C
H
(CHOH)n [Ag(NH3)2] OH, to,OH- Ag ¯+ ; 2-OOH
CH2OH -NH3 OH
-H2O CH2-CH-COOH
OH OH
O
C
H
(CHOH)n Cu(OH)2, OH-‑,to Cu2O+
|
|
CH2OH
). ( ) -.
O O
C C
H OH - -.
(CHOH)n HNO3 (CHOH)n
CH2OH O
C
OH
) . () -.
O
C
H
(CHOH)n
CH2OH
. , . . .:
CH2OH CH2OH COOH
O O O
OH ROH, HCl() OR [O] OR
OH -H2O HO OH
OH OH OH
OH OH OH
-.
COOH
H2O, H + O
-ROH HO OH
OH OH -.
- - .- , .
- - - .
Li- - .
-
COOH
O O
H
OH to HO HO OH
HO -CO2 H
OH
OH
- - - ()
- .
O:- O
CH-OH C CH2OH
H C-OH H C=O
H-C-OH HO-C-H HO-C-H HO-C-H
HO-C-H OH- H-C-OH OH- HO-C-H H-C-OH
H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH
H-C-OH CH2OH H-C-OH CH2OH
CH2OH CH2OH
- -
--
. - -, .-.
O
C
H CH=N-NH-C6H5
CH-OH +C6h5NH-NH2 C=N-NH-C6H5 + C6H5
(CHOH)n (CHOH)n +NH3
CH2OH CH2OH +H2O
- , .
., .,
1) - Ag(NH3)2 OH, OH-
2) - Cu(OH)2, OH
3) - Na
CH-O ,
Cu - .
CH-O
COOK
4) .. .. ..
HO-CH-CH-OH O
H-CH CH-C HCl, to O
H -3H2O -C C6H5NH2
OH-OH O H
.
- .
H+,t OH
-3H2O O +
CH2 C OH
OH H
-
.