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, , , , л , "". ? .. [2] , . . , , , .

, , "Package", "Physical Evidence", "Profit" "Public relations" , . "Product", - "Price", - "Promotion".

"People" - , . . , , , PR, . . , . b2b, "People" .

ersonal . , , , , .

"Purchase", "Process" "Physical Premisses/Surround".

"4C"

"4", ... , "". .. "4".

"4C" 1990 () , .

, "4P" - . , , . , .

1. (Product). (Customer wants and needs). , . , - . , . , , .

2. (Price). (Cost to the customer) . ; - . , , - . , ; - , . ; , .

3. (Place). (Convenience). - (place) , . , - - . ? , , . , .

4. (Promotion). - (Communication). - . - 60-. , .

"4C":

1. Customer needs and wants - ;

2. Cost to the customer ;

3. Convenience ;

4. Communication .

SIVA

Chekitan S.Dev Don E. Schultz Marketing Management / 2005. , , "4P", "" - . "4" "SIVA"

-> (Solution)

-> (Information)

> (Value)

-> (Access)

 

SIVA :

(Solution): / .

(Information): , , , , ?

(Value): , , , , ?

(Access): . , , .





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