, . - , , , . .
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, , .
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, , . (career counseling) (, , , ), (careerpathing) (, , ) ( , , ).
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, , , . Sun Microsystems , , . Intel , , , . Texas Instruments , - , .
Sun Microsystems, Intel Texas Instruments , , , , , . , -, .
, , (Super & Minor, 1987). -, , , . -, ( ) (obsolescence) ( ). -, , , . , . , , .
, , , . (Driver, 1979) , . .
1. . .
2. (transitory). ; .
3. . - , .
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, , . , , . Price Waterhouse , . , , , , .
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. 5.3. . Davis, Human Relations and Organizational Behavior (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill, 1972.