:
-,
-.
1. er ( ) est ( ). , , .
e.g. long- longer- longest- - -
gay- gayer- gayest- - -
er, -est.
1. y , er, -est y i:
. + -y + -er/-est = -ier/-iest: d ry - dr i er - dr i est - - -
1.+1. + -er/-est=2 . + -er/-est: b ig - bi gg er - bi gg est - - -
e + -er/-est = -er/-est: larg e - larg er - larg est - - -
2. , y, -er, ow, -ple, -ble er ( ) est ( ). polite, sever, sincere, simple, common.
e.g. bu sy - bus i er - bus i est - - -
clever- cleverer- cleverest- - -
more ( ) most ( ).
e.g. active- more active- most active- - -
famous- more famous- most famous- - -
3. , , more ( ) most ( ).
e.g. comfortable- more comfortable- most comfortable- - -
interesting- more interesting- most interesting- - -
:
good, well- better- best - - -
bad, badly- worse- worst - - -
old- older oldest - - - ( )
- elder- eldest - - - ( )
far- farther- farthest - - - ( )
-further- furthest - - - ( )
little- less- least - - -
much, many- more- most - - -
late- later- latest - - -
- latter- last - - - ( )
near- nearer- nearest - - - ( )
- next - - - ( )
.
1. asas, .
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e.g. This street is as long as that one.- , .
2. not soas, .
e.g. They are not so busy as you are.- , .
3. thethe .
e.g. The sooner the better.- , .
4. than, .
e.g. He knows English better than you.- , .
(Numerals).
(Cardinal Numerals) (Ordinal Numerals).
1. , .
. :
1 one [ 'wʌn ]
2 - two [ 'tu: ]
3 three [ 'θri: ]
4 four [ 'fɔ: ]
5 five [ 'faiv ]
6 six [ 'siks ]
7 seven [ 'sevn ]
8 eight [ 'eit ]
9 nine [ 'nain ]
10 ten [ 'ten ]
11 eleven [ i'levn ]
12 twelve [ 'twelv ]
. .
teen [ 'ti:n ] 13 19, :
e.g. 13 thirteen [ θə:'tin ].
ty [ ti ] -, , :
e.g. 20 twenty [ 'twenti ].
and ( and ):
e.g. 110 one hundred and ten.
hundred, thousand, million, milliard/billion a, one:
e.g. 100 a hundred = one hundred.
:
e.g. 11.55- eleven point five five.
, :
e.g. $12.50- twelve dollars fifty.
2. th:
e.g. seven seventh- , twenty-four twenty-fourth- .
: first- , second- , third- .
, , :
e.g. The first mention of Moscow was in 1147.- 1147 .
, , , , , , , , the , , :
e.g. The sixth room - room six- - .
, :
e.g. Pushkin was born in seventeen ninety-nine.- 1799 .
2001 2009, :
e.g. 2007- two thousand (and) seven.
, , .
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e.g. 156807- one five six eight oh seven.
:
e.g. 10 + 4 = 14: ten plus four is fourteen / ten and four equals fourteen;
10 4 = 6: ten minus four is six / ten take away four equals six;
10 x 4 = 40: ten times four is forty / ten multiplied by four equals forty;
10: 4 = 2 ½: ten divided by four is two and a half.
:
e.g. (x-y) / z: x minus y over z.
(Pronouns).
1. .
e.g. Here is a new dictionary. I bought it last week.- . .
2. whose? ?
: .
:
e.g. accepted the invitation of his friend Dr. Draring, the famous scientist, and was staying in his large old-fashioned house.- , , .
, ( ) . , :
e.g. I left my dictionary at home. May I use yours? (: your dictionary)- . ?
3. , - (-):
e.g. I mean I'll enjoy myself a little.- , .
.
| . . | . . . | . . | . . - | . . |
| I- | me-, | my- | mine- | myself- , |
| you-, | you-, , , | your-, | yours-, | yourself-..- , ; yourselves-..- |
| he- | him-, | his- | his- | himself- |
| she- | her-, | her- | hers- | herself- |
| it-, , | it-, , , | its-, | its-, | itself- , |
| we- | us-, | our- | ours- | ourselves- |
| they- | them-, | their- | theirs- | themselves- |
4. : some, any, somebody, anybody, something, anything, one. some, somebody, someone, something , any, anyone, anybody, anything .
e.g. If you need some help just ask me. - .
Do you have any questions? - ?
one - .
e.g. One cant make an omelette without breaking eggs. He , .
one -.
e.g. Give me please two apples, the big ones. - , , , .
