| Participle I | Participle II |
| A lot of students from developing countries ( ) study in this country. An electric car developing the speed of 50 km/h ( 50 /) is being designed. The device being developed (, ) will be will be tested at the plant. | Some American countries get help from developed countries ( ). The mechanism developed in our laboratory ( ) is mass-produced. The method developed ( ) provided good results. |
| (While, when) developing (, ) transmitter for deaf people Bell invented the telephone. Being developed ( ), new supercomputer will be very powerful. | (When, if) developed ( (coin) , ) successfully, platforms may be very useful for national economy. |
( ) Participle I Participle II, ( ) . . , , . . . .
, , , , , , .:
| The weather being fine, we went for a walk. | , . |
| Weather permitting, the airplane starts. | , . |
, , :
| The cars at that time were very small, the engine being placed under the seat. | , . |
, with, , with:
| With supersonic planes flying at speed five to six times above the speed of sound, it will be possible to cover the distance between Tokyo and Moscow in less than two hours, | , 5 6 , , . |
| The article deals with microwaves, with particular attention being paid to radio location. | , . |
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|
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, , .
, . -ing . , . , , , ; , , .
, , , .
| The energy of body is its capacity for doing work. | . |
doing capacity ( ) work ( ).
| Tense | Active | Passive |
| Indefinite Perfect | driving having driven | being driven having been driven |
:
1) :
Reading English is necessary for () - -
every engineer. .
His having read that article helped To, , -
him with his term work. .
, , .
2) :
His favourite occupation is reading. ().
.
3) .
:
likes reading. ().
to depend on , to insist on , to agree to , to object to , to think of , to succeed in , to prevent from . .:
4) .
: after, before, on, at, in, for., by, without . :
| On (after) reading the article he made a short summary of it. | ( ), . |
| By reading much we learn much. | , . |
5) .
of ( for). , :
|
|
|
I like his way of reading. ().
I'm glad to have the opportunity of reading this book. .
... a means of doing work. .
, ?, ? , :
reading hall
writing paper , , .
. :
| We knew of his having read his report at the conference. | , . |
| We know of the earth behaving as large magnet. | , . |
| We knew of Newton's having written "the Principia" in a very short time. | , "" . |
