some (somebody, someone, something) , any (anybody, anyone, anything) , no (nobody, no one, nothing) ( - ).
, body one, ; , thing, .
Any :
Which journal do you want? ?
Any will do. .
some, any, no, every
| some | , , - | |
| somebody | - | |
| someone | ||
| something | - | |
| somewhere | - | |
| every | , | |
| everybody | , , | |
| everyone | ||
| everything | ||
| everywhere | , | |
| any | - | |
| anybody | - | |
| anyone | ||
| anything | - | |
| anywhere | - | |
| no | ||
| nobody, no one | ||
| nothing | ||
| nowhere |
, . , , , , .. can, may, must, ought, should, would, need.
, :
1. ( to);
2. , , ;
3. -s 3- ;
4. , n may (could, might), ;
5. to do:
May I take your dictionary? He cannot drive a car.
:
Can
can , : can ( ) , , ..; could ( ) , , .. :
Even a child can lift it. ( ).
Can you speak English? -?
to be able to :
|
|
|
We shall be able to do it only tomorrow. .
May
may : may ( ) , , ..; might ( ) , .. :
May I come in? ?
may be at home. , ,
to be allowed to be permitted to may , , .
was allowed to come in. .
Must
must , ; : , , . mast :
You must do it yourself. .
must to have ( ) to be ( , ), to:
It was raining heavily and we had to stay at home. , .
is to take his exam in June. .
Ought
ought , , . ought , , . ought to:
You ought to see a doctor. .
Should
should , , , . should , , :
You should know about it. .
Would
would :
) ( used to):
would spend hours in the Tretyakov Gallery. .
used to spend hours in the Tretyakov Gallery. .
) - :
I asked him to do it but he wouldn't. , .
) , ( )
Paper would burn. .
Need
Need . need . :
You needn't come here today. .
to be
| (be + + ) | The book is on the table. This problem is of great importance. | . . |
| - (be + ) | He is a student. The speed of an electric car was not high. The speed of an electric car is about 60 km/h. | . . 60 /. |
| : Continuous Tenses be + Participle I) | is writing a new article now. | . |
| Passive Voice (be + Participle II) | The article is written by our professor. | . |
| (be + to) | He is to come to the lab at 10 o'clock. | 10 . |
to have
|
|
|
| (have + ) | These laboratories have modern equipment. | . |
| (have + Participle II) | These laboratories have bought modern equipment. | . |
| (have + to) | These laboratories have to buy modem equipment. | . |
, , . , :
a broken cup
a cup was broken
, , , :
Reading the text he wrote out new words. , .
, , . : Participle I Participle II.
Participle I -ing :
to speak speaking, to stop stopping, to begin beginning,
to travel travelling, to drive driving, to lie lying.
Participle II -ed :
to ask asked, to train trained.
Participle II ; :
to give given, to build built.
Participle I to be to have Participle II .
| Participles | Active | Passive |
| Participle I Participle II Perfect Participle | developing having developed | being developed developed having been developed |
